【每周分享】【STM32U385RG 测评】+调试串口通讯，字符串打印
#申请原创# #有奖活动# #申请开发板#接着上一回，这会进行串口打印实验
一、查询原理图，找到我们需要配置的串口
如上图：PA9、PA10、USART1
二、按流程打开IDE软件，建立新的工程文件。
配置如下：debug、RCC、USART1
配置完成后就可以生成代码了
三、代码修改
1、gpio.c不需要修改
#include "gpio.h"
void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
/* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
__HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();
__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
}
2、USART.c需要在fputc里面的输出指向串口(重定向)，代码如下
#include "usart.h"
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
/* USER CODE END 0 */
UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;
/* USART1 init function */
void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 0 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_Init 0 */
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 1 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_Init 1 */
huart1.Instance = USART1;
huart1.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
huart1.Init.OneBitSampling = UART_ONE_BIT_SAMPLE_DISABLE;
huart1.Init.ClockPrescaler = UART_PRESCALER_DIV1;
huart1.AdvancedInit.AdvFeatureInit = UART_ADVFEATURE_NO_INIT;
if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
if (HAL_UARTEx_SetTxFifoThreshold(&huart1, UART_TXFIFO_THRESHOLD_1_8) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
if (HAL_UARTEx_SetRxFifoThreshold(&huart1, UART_RXFIFO_THRESHOLD_1_8) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
if (HAL_UARTEx_DisableFifoMode(&huart1) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_Init 2 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_Init 2 */
}
void HAL_UART_MspInit(UART_HandleTypeDef* uartHandle)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
RCC_PeriphCLKInitTypeDef PeriphClkInit = {0};
if(uartHandle->Instance==USART1)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspInit 0 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_MspInit 0 */
/** Initializes the peripherals clock
*/
PeriphClkInit.PeriphClockSelection = RCC_PERIPHCLK_USART1;
PeriphClkInit.Usart1ClockSelection = RCC_USART1CLKSOURCE_PCLK2;
if (HAL_RCCEx_PeriphCLKConfig(&PeriphClkInit) != HAL_OK)
{
Error_Handler();
}
/* USART1 clock enable */
__HAL_RCC_USART1_CLK_ENABLE();
__HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
/**USART1 GPIO Configuration
PA9 ------> USART1_TX
PA10 ------> USART1_RX
*/
GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_9|GPIO_PIN_10;
GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF7_USART1;
HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStruct);
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspInit 1 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_MspInit 1 */
}
}
void HAL_UART_MspDeInit(UART_HandleTypeDef* uartHandle)
{
if(uartHandle->Instance==USART1)
{
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspDeInit 0 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_MspDeInit 0 */
/* Peripheral clock disable */
__HAL_RCC_USART1_CLK_DISABLE();
/**USART1 GPIO Configuration
PA9 ------> USART1_TX
PA10 ------> USART1_RX
*/
HAL_GPIO_DeInit(GPIOA, GPIO_PIN_9|GPIO_PIN_10);
/* USER CODE BEGIN USART1_MspDeInit 1 */
/* USER CODE END USART1_MspDeInit 1 */
}
}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
/* 上面是自动生成的代码，不许更改，只需要添加下面代码就可以了 */
#ifdef __GNUC__
#define PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE int __io_putchar(int ch)
#else#define PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)#endif
PUTCHAR_PROTOTYPE
{
HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1,(uint8_t *)&ch,1,0xFFFF);//阻塞方式打印
return ch;
}
/* USER CODE END 1 */
3、main.c函数，在while函数中添加串口打印代码，其他不需要修改
#include "main.h"#include "usart.h"#include "gpio.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */
/* USER CODE END PTD */
/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PD */
/* USER CODE END PD */
/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN PM */
/* USER CODE END PM */
/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
/* USER CODE END PV */
/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/void SystemClock_Config(void);/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */
/* USER CODE END PFP */
/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*//* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */
/* USER CODE END 0 */
/*** @briefThe application entry point.* @retval int*/int main(void){
/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */
/* USER CODE END 1 */
/* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */HAL_Init();
/* USER CODE BEGIN Init */
/* USER CODE END Init */
/* Configure the system clock */SystemClock_Config();
/* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */
/* USER CODE END SysInit */
/* Initialize all configured peripherals */MX_GPIO_Init();MX_USART1_UART_Init();/* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
/* USER CODE END 2 */
/* Infinite loop *//* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */while (1){ /* USER CODE END WHILE */
/* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */ printf("Hello 21ic, Hello NUCLEO-U385RG-Q!\r\n");
}/* USER CODE END 3 */}
/*** @brief System Clock Configuration* @retval None*/void SystemClock_Config(void){RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};
/** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage*/if (HAL_PWREx_ControlVoltageScaling(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE2) != HAL_OK){ Error_Handler();}
/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks*/RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_MSIS;RCC_OscInitStruct.MSISState = RCC_MSI_ON;RCC_OscInitStruct.MSISSource = RCC_MSI_RC0;RCC_OscInitStruct.MSISDiv = RCC_MSI_DIV8;if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK){ Error_Handler();}
/** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks*/RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2 |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK3;RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_MSIS;RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB3CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_0) != HAL_OK){ Error_Handler();}}
/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */
/* USER CODE END 4 */
/*** @briefThis function is executed in case of error occurrence.* @retval None*/void Error_Handler(void){/* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug *//* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */__disable_irq();while (1){}/* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */}#ifdef USE_FULL_ASSERT/*** @briefReports the name of the source file and the source line number* where the assert_param error has occurred.* @paramfile: pointer to the source file name* @paramline: assert_param error line source number* @retval None*/void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line){/* USER CODE BEGIN 6 *//* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number, ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) *//* USER CODE END 6 */}#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
四、将程序下载在开发板，运行效果如下图
致此，串口打印实验结束，这个还是比较简单的，按流程来，是没什么问题的。
调试串口通讯，字符串打印很不错 调试串口通讯，字符串打印很不错 LOVEEVER 发表于 2025-7-29 23:31
调试串口通讯，字符串打印很不错
必须必的，还是很认真测试的 电源和地线连接正确，避免电源噪声干扰。 大量字符串打印会占用时间 abotomson 发表于 2025-8-20 07:45
大量字符串打印会占用时间
嗯 在PCB设计中，串口信号线应远离高频信号和大电流线路。 注意缓冲区管理和数据传输效率 hearstnorman323 发表于 2025-8-20 16:43
在PCB设计中，串口信号线应远离高频信号和大电流线路。
是的，远离电压也要 sesefadou 发表于 2025-8-20 18:37
注意缓冲区管理和数据传输效率
好的 使用DMA进行数据传输 lihuami 发表于 2025-8-20 19:30
使用DMA进行数据传输
也可以的 首字符丢失 int fputc(int ch, FILE *f) {
USART_SendData(USART1, (uint8_t)ch);
while (USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_TXE) == RESET);
return ch;
} 使用 USART1 或 USART2。 使用sprintf()函数格式化字符串 字符串打印的特殊处理 发送缓冲区大小足够，并等待发送完成。 发送端和接收端的地线共地，避免地线噪声。
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