本帖最后由 Harvard 于 2015-10-23 12:19 编辑
一 前言:
中国，2015年1月5日——意法半导体（STMicroelectronics，简称ST；纽约证券交易所代码：STM）最新的STM32F446系列微控制器为设计人员带来更多应用选择，新产品整合了增强的ARM®Cortex®-M4处理性能、256KB或512KB片上闪存（均配备128KB RAM）、高能效存储扩展接口以及各种通信接口。
新产品采用意法半导体独有的自适应实时加速器 (ART Accelerator™, Adaptive Real-Time Accelerator) 技术 、智能系统架构以及先进的90nm闪存技术，进一步提升了内置浮点单元和DSP指令的标准ARM Cortex-M4内核处理性能。因此，STM32F446 的CPU具有领先同类产品的225 DMIPS处理性能，在180MHz频率下执行闪存内软件代码时，CoreMark® 的测试成绩取得608分的好成绩。
那么问题来了 ,这么高大上接地气的M4如何才能飞入寻常百姓家呢. St曾说,具有 mbed功能的STM32 Nucleo硬件让意法半导体的客户有机会利用庞大的mbed开发件
STM32F446RET6微控制器特性：
- ARM Cortex-M4处理器，最高支持180 MHz主频、512 KB闪存、128 KB的SRAM、4 KB的SRAM备份
- 通用定时器*10、先进控制的计时器*2、基本定时器*2
- SPI*4、I2S*2、USART*4、UART*2、USB OTG全速和高速、CAN*2、SAI*2
- SPDIF-接收*1、HDMI-CEC*1、四通道SPI*1、摄像头接口、GPIO*50
- 3个12位ADC配有16个通道，12位DAC，具有2个通道
STM32F446RET6微控制器的供电电压为1.7 V至3.6 V，基于ARM Cortex-M4的处理器，最高能支持180MHz主频，这与ST先前推出的STM32F7的主频也没差多少。ST的微控制器都自适应实时加速器（ART加速器™），STM32F446RET6也不例外，它支持从Flash中0等待执行代码。
作为一款主打高性能数字信号处理的微控制器，STM32F446RET6集成了2个专用音频PLL，SPDIF输入，3路半双工I²S和2路串行音频接口（SAI），支持全双工I²S和时分复用（TDM）模式，可以轻松的应用到如便携式音箱等需要数字信号处理的应用中来。
图1 STM32 Nucleo 446开发平台主要特性
经过2014年的持续开发,目前nucleo系列共有17款板卡:
NUCLEO-F030R8 Active STM32 Nucleo-64 development board with STM32F030R8T6 MCU, supports Arduino and ST morpho connectivity
NUCLEO-F031K6 Active STM32 Nucleo-32 development board with STM32F031K6T6 MCU, supports Arduino connectivity
NUCLEO-F042K6 Active STM32 Nucleo-32 development board with STM32F042K6T6 MCU, supports Arduino connectivity
NUCLEO-F070RB Active STM32 Nucleo-64 development board with STM32F070RBT6 MCU, supports Arduino and ST morpho connectivity
NUCLEO-F072RB Active STM32 Nucleo-64 development board with STM32F072RBT6 MCU, supports Arduino and ST morpho connectivity
NUCLEO-F091RC Active STM32 Nucleo-64 development board with STM32F091RCT6 MCU, supports Arduino and ST morpho connectivity
NUCLEO-F103RB Active STM32 Nucleo-64 development board with STM32F103RBT6 MCU, supports Arduino and ST morpho connectivity
NUCLEO-F302R8 Active STM32 Nucleo-64 development board with STM32F302R8T6 MCU, supports Arduino and ST morpho connectivity
NUCLEO-F303K8 Active STM32 Nucleo-32 development board with STM32F303K8T6 MCU, supports Arduino connectivity
NUCLEO-F303RE Active STM32 Nucleo-64 development board with STM32F303RET6 MCU, supports Arduino and ST morpho connectivity
NUCLEO-F334R8 Active STM32 Nucleo-64 development board with STM32F334R8T6 MCU, supports Arduino and ST morpho connectivity
NUCLEO-F401RE Active STM32 Nucleo-64 development board with STM32F401RET6 MCU, supports Arduino and ST morpho connectivity
NUCLEO-F411RE Active STM32 Nucleo-64 development board with STM32F411RET6 MCU, supports Arduino and ST morpho connectivity
NUCLEO-F446RE Active STM32 Nucleo-64 development board with STM32F446RET6 MCU, supports Arduino and ST morpho connectivity
NUCLEO-L053R8 Active STM32 Nucleo-64 development board with STM32L053R8T6 MCU, supports Arduino and ST morpho connectivity
NUCLEO-L152RE Active STM32 Nucleo-64 development board with STM32L152RET6 MCU, supports Arduino and ST morpho connectivity
NUCLEO-L476RG Active STM32 Nucleo-64 development board with STM32L476RGT6 MCU, supports Arduino and ST morpho connectivity
P-NUCLEO-6180X1 Active VL6180X Nucleo pack - NEW - Includes VL6180X Expansion board and STM32F401RE Nucleo
P-NUCLEO-6180X2 Active VL6180X Nucleo pack - NEW - Includes VL6180X Expansion board and STM32L053R8 Nucleo
P-NUCLEO-IHM001 Active Motor Control Nucleo Pack with NUCLEO-F302R8 and X-NUCLEO-IHM07M1
X-NUCLEO-6180XA1 Active Proximity and ambient light sensor expansion board based on VL6180X for STM32 Nucleo
X-NUCLEO-CCA02M1 Active Digital MEMS microphones expansion board based on MP34DT01-M for STM32 Nucleo.
X-NUCLEO-IDB04A1 Active Bluetooth low energy expansion board based on BlueNRG for STM32 Nucleo
X-NUCLEO-IDB05A1 Active Bluetooth Low Energy expansion board based on SPBTLE-RF module for STM32 Nucleo
X-NUCLEO-IDS01A4 Active Sub-1 GHz RF expansion board based on the SPSGRF-868 module for STM32 Nucleo
X-NUCLEO-IDS01A5 Active Sub-1 GHz RF expansion board based on the SPSGRF-915 module for STM32 Nucleo
X-NUCLEO-IHM01A1 Active Stepper motor driver expansion board based on L6474 for STM32 Nucleo
X-NUCLEO-IHM03A1 Active High power stepper motor driver expansion board based on powerSTEP01 for STM32 Nucleo
X-NUCLEO-IHM04A1 Active Dual brush DC motor driver expansion board based on L6206 for STM32 Nucleo
X-NUCLEO-IHM05A1 Active Bipolar stepper motor driver expansion board based on L6208 for STM32 Nucleo
X-NUCLEO-IHM07M1 Active Three-phase brushless DC motor driver expansion board based on L6230 for STM32 Nucleo
X-NUCLEO-IKA01A1 Active Multifunctional expansion board based on operational amplifiers for STM32 Nucleo
X-NUCLEO-IKS01A1 Active Motion MEMS and environmental sensor expansion board for STM32 Nucleo
X-NUCLEO-NFC01A1 Active Dynamic NFC tag expansion board based on M24SR for STM32 Nucleo
X-NUCLEO-PLC01A1 Active Industrial input/output expansion board based on VNI8200XP and CLT01-38SQ7 for STM32 Nucleo
图2 Nucleo 家族图谱
从图2中,可以看出,到目前为止, Nucleo系列已 支持的器件和内核有M0,M0+,M3,M4,等 整个板卡唯一的区别就是MCU不同, 但是所有的MCU都是可以直接PIN-2-PIN替换,从芯片的命名规则可以看出他们都是xxxRx, 也就是说都是LQFP-64封装的片子.
以笔者掌握的三款开发板为例,图3中, 是三款比较典型的Nucleo系列板卡,分别是:
STM32L053 Nucleo -- M0+低功耗系列;
STM32F072 Nucleo -- M0系列mcu,今天的评测主角,后面详细介绍;
STM32F302 Nucleo -- M4系列mcu,代表了性能,但是低功耗表现也不俗,
Nulceo系列持续发展,下图,可以看出变化.扩张了好多 ,目前还有mini的 Nucleo 32 出现. 灵活性更强,适合原型设计.
(2014)
(2015)
图5 Nucleo系列开发板家族颜色性能分配(2014和2015).
二 ,Nucleo系列开发板支持arduino 和自家的Morpho标准接口.
2.1 Arduino兼容引脚(Arduino-compatible Headers):
2.2 ST自家的Morpho (Morpho Headers - Giving access to all STM32 pins),可以访问所有的STM32引脚:
三 Nucleo系列开发板软件开发工具
老生长谈的问题,不再累述,个人还是推荐 iar ,mdk ,尝鲜可以玩玩mbed
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