1.我们知道DMA可以自动的不在CPU干预下,自动把数据重外设存储到内存(我们这节讲的),内存到外设,内存到内存等。但是DMA接收的是指定长度的,在接收不定长数据的时候DMA就傻眼了。网上有许多方法讲解运用定时器超时检测来接收不定长数据,而我们现在要讲的是运用串口空闲中断+DMA的方式接收不定长数据。
2.我们调试用的是串口1、DMA_Channel_4。具体的配置见下面程序:
DMA接收配置:
void USART1_DMA_Config(void)
{
DMA_InitTypeDef DMA_InitStructure;
RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHB1Periph_DMA2, ENABLE);//开启DMA时钟
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Channel = DMA_Channel_4;//通道4
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralBaseAddr = (uint32_t)USART1_DR_Address; //外设地址为[#define USART1_DR_Address (0x40011000+0x04)]
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Memory0BaseAddr = (uint32_t)Data_Buffer; //内存地址
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_DIR = DMA_DIR_PeripheralToMemory;//外设到内存
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_BufferSize = 65535; //缓冲大小
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralInc = DMA_PeripheralInc_Disable;//外设地址不增
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryInc = DMA_MemoryInc_Enable;//内存地址增
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralDataSize = DMA_PeripheralDataSize_Byte;//外设数据大小1byte
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryDataSize = DMA_MemoryDataSize_Byte;//内存数据大小1byte
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Mode = DMA_Mode_Circular;//循环模式
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Priority = DMA_Priority_High;//优先级高
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_FIFOMode = DMA_FIFOMode_Disable;// 不开fifo
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_FIFOThreshold = DMA_FIFOThreshold_HalfFull; //
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryBurst = DMA_MemoryBurst_Single;//
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralBurst = DMA_PeripheralBurst_Single;//
DMA_Init(DMA2_Stream5, &DMA_InitStructure);//初始化dma2流5
DMA_Cmd(DMA2_Stream5, ENABLE);//开启dma2流5
}
复制代码
串口1相关配置及空闲中断配置:
void STM_EVAL_COMInit(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
/* Enable GPIO clock */
RCC_AHB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_AHB1Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);
/* Enable UART clock */
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1, ENABLE);
/* Connect PXx to USARTx_Tx*/
GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOA, GPIO_PinSource9, GPIO_AF_USART1);
/* Connect PXx to USARTx_Rx*/
GPIO_PinAFConfig(GPIOA, GPIO_PinSource10, GPIO_AF_USART1);
/* Configure USART Tx as alternate function */
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_OType = GPIO_OType_PP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_PuPd = GPIO_PuPd_UP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
/* Configure USART Rx as alternate function */
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);
USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 115200;
USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;
USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;
/* USART configuration */
USART_Init(USART1, USART_InitStructure);
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART1_IRQn;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 11;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_IDLE, ENABLE);
/* Enable USART */
USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE);
}
复制代码
串口相关配置总函数:
void USART_CONFIG(void)
{
STM_EVAL_COMInit();
USART1_DMA_Config();//主要是配置外设地址和内存地址以及缓冲区大小,配置好后DMA就会自动的把串口数据存到相应的内存地址。
USART_DMACmd(USART1, USART_DMAReq_Rx, ENABLE);配置串口1DMA接收
}
复制代码
串口1空闲中断服务函数:
void USART1_IRQHandler(void)
{
u16 i;
if(USART_GetITStatus(USART1, USART_IT_IDLE) != RESET)//如果为空闲总线中断
{
i = USART1->SR;
i = USART1->DR;
USART_ClearITPendingBit(USART1, USART_IT_IDLE);
DMA_Cmd(DMA2_Stream5, DISABLE);//关闭DMA,防止处理其间有数据
Data_Len=65535-DMA_GetCurrDataCounter(DMA2_Stream5);
data_recv_flag_set(); //标志位
printf("Data_Len=%d\n\r",Data_Len);
//DMA_Cmd(DMA2_Stream5, ENABLE);//开启DMA
}
}
复制代码
这里需要说明下,我们在配置DMA的时候,数据大小是一个字节,内存缓冲区为65535(特别强调下:DMA最大的缓冲区为65535,再大就溢出了。YY下,如果DMA接收缓冲区上M那就更加好了)。
函数DMA_GetCurrDataCounter(DMA2_Stream5);是获取当前指针计数值,用内存缓冲区大小 - 此计数值 = 接收到的数据长度(这里单位为字节)。需要说明下在读取数据长度的时候需要先把接收DMA关闭,读取完了或者是数据处理完了在打开接收DMA,防止在处理的过程中有数据到来而出错。
大家可以用串口调试助手测试下,记住把旁边的send as hex打上勾,然后发送不定长数据,每次发送完就会进空闲中断,并把接收的数据长度打印出来。如果需要读取数据,可以从Data_Buffer(前面DMA配置的内存地址)中读取出来 |