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[STM32WBA] 【STM32WBA52CG测评】-4- 定时器模块TIM例程分析

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 楼主| 南来之风 发表于 2023-7-31 22:19 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
ST, STM, STM32, STM32W, TI
本帖最后由 南来之风 于 2023-7-31 22:24 编辑

ST的官方库有非常丰富的外设使用例程，本文体验的就是：STM32Cube_FW_WBA_V1.1.0\Projects\NUCLEO-WBA52CG\Examples\TIM\TIM_TimeBase
该例程配置使用TIM模块产生一个1s的中断，然后再中断服务函数中翻转LED。

初始化外设，Flash和Systick:
复制
  1. HAL_Init();


SystemClock_Config() 函数用于配置STM32WBA52CGUx 设备系统时钟为100 MHz
复制
  1.   /* Configure the system clock */
    

  2.   SystemClock_Config();

根据官方ReadMe，TIM模块的时钟频率，TIM2模块的计数器时钟频率，以及周期都有相应的公式：


In this example TIM2 input clock (TIM2CLK)  is set to APB1 clock (PCLK1),since APB1 prescaler is equal to 1.  TIM2CLK = PCLK1  PCLK1 = HCLK  => TIM2CLK = HCLK = SystemCoreClockTo get TIM2 counter clock at 10 KHz, the Prescaler is computed as following:Prescaler = (TIM2CLK / TIM2 counter clock) - 1Prescaler = (SystemCoreClock /10 KHz) - 1
SystemCoreClock is set to 100 MHz for STM32WBAxx Devices.
The TIM2 ARR register value is equal to 10000 - 1
Update rate = TIM2 counter clock / (Period + 1) = 1 Hz
So the TIM2 generates an interrupt each 1 s
When the counter value reaches the auto-reload register value, the TIM update interrupt is generated and, in the handler routine, pin PB.4 (connected to LD1 on board NUCLEO-WBA52CG) is toggled. So led blinks at the following frequency: 0.5Hz.
In case of error, LD3 is turned ON.

在main.h中，有相应的参数定义：
复制
  1. /* Compute the prescaler value to have TIMx counter clock equal to 10000 Hz */
    


  2. 

  3. #define PRESCALER_VALUE (uint32_t)(((SystemCoreClock) / (10000)) - 1)
    


  4. 

  5.   /* Initialize TIMx peripheral as follows:
    

  6.        + Period = 10000 - 1
    

  7.        + Prescaler = (SystemCoreClock/10000) - 1
    

  8.        + ClockDivision = 0
    

  9.        + Counter direction = Up
    

  10.   */
    


  11. 

  12. #define PERIOD_VALUE (10000 - 1);


在main.c中，调用如下函数进行TIM模块初始化：
复制
  1. /**
    

  2.   * [url=home.php?mod=space&uid=247401]@brief[/url] TIM2 Initialization Function
    

  3.   * @param None
    

  4.   * @retval None
    

  5.   */
    

  6. static void MX_TIM2_Init(void)
    

  7. {
    


  8. 

  9.   /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_Init 0 */
    


  10. 

  11.   /* USER CODE END TIM2_Init 0 */
    


  12. 

  13.   TIM_ClockConfigTypeDef sClockSourceConfig = {0};
    

  14.   TIM_MasterConfigTypeDef sMasterConfig = {0};
    


  15. 

  16.   /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_Init 1 */
    


  17. 

  18.   /* USER CODE END TIM2_Init 1 */
    

  19.   htim2.Instance = TIM2;
    

  20.   htim2.Init.Prescaler = PRESCALER_VALUE;
    

  21.   htim2.Init.CounterMode = TIM_COUNTERMODE_UP;
    

  22.   htim2.Init.Period = PERIOD_VALUE;
    

  23.   htim2.Init.ClockDivision = TIM_CLOCKDIVISION_DIV1;
    

  24.   htim2.Init.AutoReloadPreload = TIM_AUTORELOAD_PRELOAD_DISABLE;
    

  25.   if (HAL_TIM_Base_Init(&htim2) != HAL_OK)
    

  26.   {
    

  27.     Error_Handler();
    

  28.   }
    

  29.   sClockSourceConfig.ClockSource = TIM_CLOCKSOURCE_INTERNAL;
    

  30.   if (HAL_TIM_ConfigClockSource(&htim2, &sClockSourceConfig) != HAL_OK)
    

  31.   {
    

  32.     Error_Handler();
    

  33.   }
    

  34.   sMasterConfig.MasterOutputTrigger = TIM_TRGO_RESET;
    

  35.   sMasterConfig.MasterSlaveMode = TIM_MASTERSLAVEMODE_DISABLE;
    

  36.   if (HAL_TIMEx_MasterConfigSynchronization(&htim2, &sMasterConfig) != HAL_OK)
    

  37.   {
    

  38.     Error_Handler();
    

  39.   }
    

  40.   /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_Init 2 */
    


  41. 

  42.   /* USER CODE END TIM2_Init 2 */
    


  43. 

  44. }

如下定义了TIM2模块的中断服务子程序：
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  1. /**
    

  2.   * [url=home.php?mod=space&uid=247401]@brief[/url] This function handles TIM2 global interrupt.
    

  3.   */
    

  4. void TIM2_IRQHandler(void)
    

  5. {
    

  6.   /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_IRQn 0 */
    


  7. 

  8.   /* USER CODE END TIM2_IRQn 0 */
    

  9.   HAL_TIM_IRQHandler(&htim2);
    

  10.   /* USER CODE BEGIN TIM2_IRQn 1 */
    


  11. 

  12.   /* USER CODE END TIM2_IRQn 1 */
    

  13. }

接着调用HAL库中的中断服务子程序：
复制
  1. void HAL_TIM_IRQHandler(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
    

  2. {
    

  3.   uint32_t itsource = htim->Instance->DIER;
    

  4.   uint32_t itflag   = htim->Instance->SR;
    


  5. 

  6.   /* Capture compare 1 event */
    

  7.   if ((itflag & (TIM_FLAG_CC1)) == (TIM_FLAG_CC1))
    

  8.   {
    

  9.     if ((itsource & (TIM_IT_CC1)) == (TIM_IT_CC1))
    

  10.     {
    

  11.       {
    

  12.         __HAL_TIM_CLEAR_IT(htim, TIM_IT_CC1);
    

  13.         htim->Channel = HAL_TIM_ACTIVE_CHANNEL_1;
    


  14. 

  15.         /* Input capture event */
    

  16.         if ((htim->Instance->CCMR1 & TIM_CCMR1_CC1S) != 0x00U)
    

  17.         {
    

  18. #if (USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
    

  19.           htim->IC_CaptureCallback(htim);
    

  20. #else
    

  21.           HAL_TIM_IC_CaptureCallback(htim);
    

  22. #endif /* USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
    

  23.         }
    

  24.         /* Output compare event */
    

  25.         else
    

  26.         {
    

  27. #if (USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
    

  28.           htim->OC_DelayElapsedCallback(htim);
    

  29.           htim->PWM_PulseFinishedCallback(htim);
    

  30. #else
    

  31.           HAL_TIM_OC_DelayElapsedCallback(htim);
    

  32.           HAL_TIM_PWM_PulseFinishedCallback(htim);
    

  33. #endif /* USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
    

  34.         }
    

  35.         htim->Channel = HAL_TIM_ACTIVE_CHANNEL_CLEARED;
    

  36.       }
    

  37.     }
    

  38.   }
    

  39.   /* Capture compare 2 event */
    

  40.   if ((itflag & (TIM_FLAG_CC2)) == (TIM_FLAG_CC2))
    

  41.   {
    

  42.     if ((itsource & (TIM_IT_CC2)) == (TIM_IT_CC2))
    

  43.     {
    

  44.       __HAL_TIM_CLEAR_IT(htim, TIM_IT_CC2);
    

  45.       htim->Channel = HAL_TIM_ACTIVE_CHANNEL_2;
    

  46.       /* Input capture event */
    

  47.       if ((htim->Instance->CCMR1 & TIM_CCMR1_CC2S) != 0x00U)
    

  48.       {
    

  49. #if (USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
    

  50.         htim->IC_CaptureCallback(htim);
    

  51. #else
    

  52.         HAL_TIM_IC_CaptureCallback(htim);
    

  53. #endif /* USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
    

  54.       }
    

  55.       /* Output compare event */
    

  56.       else
    

  57.       {
    

  58. #if (USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
    

  59.         htim->OC_DelayElapsedCallback(htim);
    

  60.         htim->PWM_PulseFinishedCallback(htim);
    

  61. #else
    

  62.         HAL_TIM_OC_DelayElapsedCallback(htim);
    

  63.         HAL_TIM_PWM_PulseFinishedCallback(htim);
    

  64. #endif /* USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
    

  65.       }
    

  66.       htim->Channel = HAL_TIM_ACTIVE_CHANNEL_CLEARED;
    

  67.     }
    

  68.   }
    

  69.   /* Capture compare 3 event */
    

  70.   if ((itflag & (TIM_FLAG_CC3)) == (TIM_FLAG_CC3))
    

  71.   {
    

  72.     if ((itsource & (TIM_IT_CC3)) == (TIM_IT_CC3))
    

  73.     {
    

  74.       __HAL_TIM_CLEAR_IT(htim, TIM_IT_CC3);
    

  75.       htim->Channel = HAL_TIM_ACTIVE_CHANNEL_3;
    

  76.       /* Input capture event */
    

  77.       if ((htim->Instance->CCMR2 & TIM_CCMR2_CC3S) != 0x00U)
    

  78.       {
    

  79. #if (USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
    

  80.         htim->IC_CaptureCallback(htim);
    

  81. #else
    

  82.         HAL_TIM_IC_CaptureCallback(htim);
    

  83. #endif /* USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
    

  84.       }
    

  85.       /* Output compare event */
    

  86.       else
    

  87.       {
    

  88. #if (USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
    

  89.         htim->OC_DelayElapsedCallback(htim);
    

  90.         htim->PWM_PulseFinishedCallback(htim);
    

  91. #else
    

  92.         HAL_TIM_OC_DelayElapsedCallback(htim);
    

  93.         HAL_TIM_PWM_PulseFinishedCallback(htim);
    

  94. #endif /* USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
    

  95.       }
    

  96.       htim->Channel = HAL_TIM_ACTIVE_CHANNEL_CLEARED;
    

  97.     }
    

  98.   }
    

  99.   /* Capture compare 4 event */
    

  100.   if ((itflag & (TIM_FLAG_CC4)) == (TIM_FLAG_CC4))
    

  101.   {
    

  102.     if ((itsource & (TIM_IT_CC4)) == (TIM_IT_CC4))
    

  103.     {
    

  104.       __HAL_TIM_CLEAR_IT(htim, TIM_IT_CC4);
    

  105.       htim->Channel = HAL_TIM_ACTIVE_CHANNEL_4;
    

  106.       /* Input capture event */
    

  107.       if ((htim->Instance->CCMR2 & TIM_CCMR2_CC4S) != 0x00U)
    

  108.       {
    

  109. #if (USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
    

  110.         htim->IC_CaptureCallback(htim);
    

  111. #else
    

  112.         HAL_TIM_IC_CaptureCallback(htim);
    

  113. #endif /* USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
    

  114.       }
    

  115.       /* Output compare event */
    

  116.       else
    

  117.       {
    

  118. #if (USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
    

  119.         htim->OC_DelayElapsedCallback(htim);
    

  120.         htim->PWM_PulseFinishedCallback(htim);
    

  121. #else
    

  122.         HAL_TIM_OC_DelayElapsedCallback(htim);
    

  123.         HAL_TIM_PWM_PulseFinishedCallback(htim);
    

  124. #endif /* USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
    

  125.       }
    

  126.       htim->Channel = HAL_TIM_ACTIVE_CHANNEL_CLEARED;
    

  127.     }
    

  128.   }
    

  129.   /* TIM Update event */
    

  130.   if ((itflag & (TIM_FLAG_UPDATE)) == (TIM_FLAG_UPDATE))
    

  131.   {
    

  132.     if ((itsource & (TIM_IT_UPDATE)) == (TIM_IT_UPDATE))
    

  133.     {
    

  134.       __HAL_TIM_CLEAR_IT(htim, TIM_IT_UPDATE);
    

  135. #if (USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
    

  136.       htim->PeriodElapsedCallback(htim);
    

  137. #else
    

  138.       HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(htim);
    

  139. #endif /* USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
    

  140.     }
    

  141.   }
    

  142.   /* TIM Break input event */
    

  143.   if ((itflag & (TIM_FLAG_BREAK)) == (TIM_FLAG_BREAK))
    

  144.   {
    

  145.     if ((itsource & (TIM_IT_BREAK)) == (TIM_IT_BREAK))
    

  146.     {
    

  147.       __HAL_TIM_CLEAR_IT(htim, TIM_IT_BREAK);
    

  148. #if (USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
    

  149.       htim->BreakCallback(htim);
    

  150. #else
    

  151.       HAL_TIMEx_BreakCallback(htim);
    

  152. #endif /* USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
    

  153.     }
    

  154.   }
    

  155.   /* TIM Break2 input event */
    

  156.   if ((itflag & (TIM_FLAG_BREAK2)) == (TIM_FLAG_BREAK2))
    

  157.   {
    

  158.     if ((itsource & (TIM_IT_BREAK)) == (TIM_IT_BREAK))
    

  159.     {
    

  160.       __HAL_TIM_CLEAR_FLAG(htim, TIM_FLAG_BREAK2);
    

  161. #if (USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
    

  162.       htim->Break2Callback(htim);
    

  163. #else
    

  164.       HAL_TIMEx_Break2Callback(htim);
    

  165. #endif /* USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
    

  166.     }
    

  167.   }
    

  168.   /* TIM Trigger detection event */
    

  169.   if ((itflag & (TIM_FLAG_TRIGGER)) == (TIM_FLAG_TRIGGER))
    

  170.   {
    

  171.     if ((itsource & (TIM_IT_TRIGGER)) == (TIM_IT_TRIGGER))
    

  172.     {
    

  173.       __HAL_TIM_CLEAR_IT(htim, TIM_IT_TRIGGER);
    

  174. #if (USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
    

  175.       htim->TriggerCallback(htim);
    

  176. #else
    

  177.       HAL_TIM_TriggerCallback(htim);
    

  178. #endif /* USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
    

  179.     }
    

  180.   }
    

  181.   /* TIM commutation event */
    

  182.   if ((itflag & (TIM_FLAG_COM)) == (TIM_FLAG_COM))
    

  183.   {
    

  184.     if ((itsource & (TIM_IT_COM)) == (TIM_IT_COM))
    

  185.     {
    

  186.       __HAL_TIM_CLEAR_IT(htim, TIM_FLAG_COM);
    

  187. #if (USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
    

  188.       htim->CommutationCallback(htim);
    

  189. #else
    

  190.       HAL_TIMEx_CommutCallback(htim);
    

  191. #endif /* USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
    

  192.     }
    

  193.   }
    

  194.   /* TIM Encoder index event */
    

  195.   if ((itflag & (TIM_FLAG_IDX)) == (TIM_FLAG_IDX))
    

  196.   {
    

  197.     if ((itsource & (TIM_IT_IDX)) == (TIM_IT_IDX))
    

  198.     {
    

  199.       __HAL_TIM_CLEAR_IT(htim, TIM_FLAG_IDX);
    

  200. #if (USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
    

  201.       htim->EncoderIndexCallback(htim);
    

  202. #else
    

  203.       HAL_TIMEx_EncoderIndexCallback(htim);
    

  204. #endif /* USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
    

  205.     }
    

  206.   }
    

  207.   /* TIM Direction change event */
    

  208.   if ((itflag & (TIM_FLAG_DIR)) == (TIM_FLAG_DIR))
    

  209.   {
    

  210.     if ((itsource & (TIM_IT_DIR)) == (TIM_IT_DIR))
    

  211.     {
    

  212.       __HAL_TIM_CLEAR_IT(htim, TIM_FLAG_DIR);
    

  213. #if (USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
    

  214.       htim->DirectionChangeCallback(htim);
    

  215. #else
    

  216.       HAL_TIMEx_DirectionChangeCallback(htim);
    

  217. #endif /* USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
    

  218.     }
    

  219.   }
    

  220.   /* TIM Index error event */
    

  221.   if ((itflag & (TIM_FLAG_IERR)) == (TIM_FLAG_IERR))
    

  222.   {
    

  223.     if ((itsource & (TIM_IT_IERR)) == (TIM_IT_IERR))
    

  224.     {
    

  225.       __HAL_TIM_CLEAR_IT(htim, TIM_FLAG_IERR);
    

  226. #if (USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
    

  227.       htim->IndexErrorCallback(htim);
    

  228. #else
    

  229.       HAL_TIMEx_IndexErrorCallback(htim);
    

  230. #endif /* USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
    

  231.     }
    

  232.   }
    

  233.   /* TIM Transition error event */
    

  234.   if ((itflag & (TIM_FLAG_TERR)) == (TIM_FLAG_TERR))
    

  235.   {
    

  236.     if ((itsource & (TIM_IT_TERR)) == (TIM_IT_TERR))
    

  237.     {
    

  238.       __HAL_TIM_CLEAR_IT(htim, TIM_FLAG_TERR);
    

  239. #if (USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS == 1)
    

  240.       htim->TransitionErrorCallback(htim);
    

  241. #else
    

  242.       HAL_TIMEx_TransitionErrorCallback(htim);
    

  243. #endif /* USE_HAL_TIM_REGISTER_CALLBACKS */
    

  244.     }
    

  245.   }
    

  246. }

注意其中有个函数调用：

复制
  1. HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(htim);

这个回调函数的定义如下：

复制
  1. /**
    

  2.   * [url=home.php?mod=space&uid=247401]@brief[/url]  Period elapsed callback in non blocking mode
    

  3.   * @param  htim : TIM handle
    

  4.   * @retval None
    

  5.   */
    

  6. void HAL_TIM_PeriodElapsedCallback(TIM_HandleTypeDef *htim)
    

  7. {
    

  8.         BSP_LED_Toggle(LD1);
    

  9. }


烧录后，可以看到LD1以1s频率闪烁。
2195864c7c3045699c.png





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gejigeji521 发表于 2024-1-12 17:03 | 显示全部楼层
分析的少了，全是源码了，没看太懂，应该先将一下整个原理。
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