avr-gcc内使用大数组的问题,请高手指教!

只看该作者 · 2007-3-1 20:05

我打算把16*8英文字库定义成一个大数组,可是在使用这个字库的时候,发现只有前面128个字节数据可以正常使用,后面的数据读出来的都是0x00 0x01 0xff一些莫名奇妙的的数据.不知道是不是我的avr-gcc编译器没有设置好啊.代码如下,请做过的兄弟指点一下,先谢了.

const unsigned char acFont[] =
{

  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0f,0x08,
  0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0xf8,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,
  0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x0f,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,
  0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xf8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,
  0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0xff,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,
  0x3c,0x7e,0x7e,0x7e,0x3c,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xff,0xff,
  0xff,0xff,0xe7,0xc3,0x81,0x81,0x81,0xc3,0xe7,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,
  0xff,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1f,0x05,0x05,0x09,
  0x09,0x10,0x10,0x38,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1c,
  0x22,0x22,0x22,0x1c,0x08,0x08,0x7f,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
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  0x17,0x36,0x70,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x08,0x5d,0x22,0x22,0x22,
  0x63,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x5d,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,
  0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xff,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x00,
  0x00,0x01,0x03,0x07,0x0f,0x1f,0x3f,0x7f,0x3f,0x1f,0x0f,0x07,0x03,
  0x01,0x00,0x00,0x08,0x1c,0x2a,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,
  0x08,0x2a,0x1c,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,
  0x24,0x24,0x24,0x00,0x00,0x24,0x24,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1f,0x25,0x45,
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  0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xf8,
  0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x08,0x1c,0x2a,0x08,0x08,
  0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x08,0x08,0x08,
  0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x0f,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,
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  0x36,0x24,0x48,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
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  0x48,0x48,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x38,0x54,0x54,0x50,0x30,0x18,
  0x14,0x14,0x54,0x54,0x38,0x10,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x44,0xa4,0xa8,
  0xa8,0xa8,0x54,0x1a,0x2a,0x2a,0x2a,0x44,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x30,0x48,0x48,0x48,0x50,0x6e,0xa4,0x94,0x88,0x89,0x76,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x60,0x60,0x20,0xc0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x08,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,
  0x10,0x08,0x08,0x04,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x20,0x10,0x10,0x08,0x08,
  0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x10,0x10,0xd6,0x38,0x38,0xd6,0x10,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0xfe,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x60,0x60,0x20,0xc0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x7f,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x60,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x01,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x04,0x08,0x08,0x10,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x40,0x40,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x24,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,
  0x24,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x70,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,
  0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x7c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3c,0x42,0x42,
  0x42,0x04,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x42,0x7e,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x3c,0x42,0x42,0x04,0x18,0x04,0x02,0x02,0x42,0x44,0x38,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,0x0c,0x14,0x24,0x24,0x44,0x44,0x7e,0x04,0x04,
  0x1e,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7e,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x58,0x64,0x02,
  0x02,0x42,0x44,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1c,0x24,0x40,0x40,
  0x58,0x64,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x24,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7e,
  0x44,0x44,0x08,0x08,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x3c,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x24,0x18,0x24,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x3c,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x24,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x26,0x1a,0x02,
  0x02,0x24,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x18,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x10,0x20,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x04,0x02,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xfe,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xfe,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x04,0x02,
  0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3c,0x42,0x42,
  0x62,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x18,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x38,0x44,0x5a,0xaa,0xaa,0xaa,0xaa,0xb4,0x42,0x44,0x38,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x10,0x18,0x28,0x28,0x24,0x3c,0x44,0x42,0x42,
  0xe7,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xf8,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x78,0x44,0x42,
  0x42,0x42,0x44,0xf8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3e,0x42,0x42,0x80,
  0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x42,0x44,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xf8,
  0x44,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x44,0xf8,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0xfc,0x42,0x48,0x48,0x78,0x48,0x48,0x40,0x42,0x42,0xfc,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xfc,0x42,0x48,0x48,0x78,0x48,0x48,0x40,
  0x40,0x40,0xe0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3c,0x44,0x44,0x80,0x80,
  0x80,0x8e,0x84,0x44,0x44,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xe7,0x42,
  0x42,0x42,0x42,0x7e,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0xe7,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x7c,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x7c,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3e,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,
  0x08,0x08,0x88,0xf0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xee,0x44,0x48,0x50,0x70,0x50,
  0x48,0x48,0x44,0x44,0xee,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xe0,0x40,0x40,
  0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x42,0xfe,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0xee,0x6c,0x6c,0x6c,0x6c,0x54,0x54,0x54,0x54,0x54,0xd6,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0xc7,0x62,0x62,0x52,0x52,0x4a,0x4a,0x4a,0x46,0x46,
  0xe2,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x38,0x44,0x82,0x82,0x82,0x82,0x82,
  0x82,0x82,0x44,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xfc,0x42,0x42,0x42,
  0x42,0x7c,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0xe0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x38,
  0x44,0x82,0x82,0x82,0x82,0x82,0xb2,0xca,0x4c,0x38,0x06,0x00,0x00,
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  0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x3c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0xe7,0x42,0x42,0x44,0x24,0x24,0x28,0x28,0x18,0x10,0x10,0x00,
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  0x18,0x24,0x24,0x42,0xe7,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xee,0x44,0x44,
  0x28,0x28,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x7e,0x84,0x04,0x08,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x42,0x42,0xfc,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x1e,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,
  0x10,0x1e,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x40,0x40,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x08,
  0x08,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x02,0x02,0x00,0x78,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,
  0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x78,0x00,0x00,0x1c,0x22,0x00,
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  0x00,0xff,0x00,0x60,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3c,
  0x42,0x1e,0x22,0x42,0x42,0x3f,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xc0,0x40,
  0x40,0x40,0x58,0x64,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x64,0x58,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1c,0x22,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x22,0x1c,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x06,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x1e,0x22,0x42,0x42,0x42,
  0x26,0x1b,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3c,0x42,
  0x7e,0x40,0x40,0x42,0x3c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0f,0x11,0x10,
  0x10,0x7e,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x7c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3e,0x44,0x44,0x38,0x40,0x3c,0x42,0x42,0x3c,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0xc0,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x5c,0x62,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,
  0xe7,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x70,0x10,0x10,
  0x10,0x10,0x10,0x7c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0c,0x0c,0x00,0x00,
  0x1c,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x44,0x78,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xc0,
  0x40,0x40,0x40,0x4e,0x48,0x50,0x68,0x48,0x44,0xee,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x70,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x7c,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xfe,0x49,0x49,0x49,
  0x49,0x49,0xed,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xdc,
  0x62,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0xe7,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x3c,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x3c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xd8,0x64,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x44,0x78,0x40,
  0xe0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1e,0x22,0x42,0x42,0x42,
  0x22,0x1e,0x02,0x07,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xee,0x32,
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  0x04,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x3c,0x42,0x42,0x7c,0x40,0x22,0x1c,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x38,0x44,0x00,0x3c,0x42,0x42,0x7c,0x40,0x22,
  0x1c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x2c,0x24,0x00,0x00,0x3c,0x42,0x42,
  0x7c,0x40,0x22,0x1c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x00,
  0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x08,
  0x10,0x10,0x00,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x10,0x28,0x48,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x3c,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x28,0x6c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x10,
  0x10,0x10,0x3c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x24,0x18,0x28,0x04,0x3e,
  0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x3c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x1c,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x7c,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0xe6,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x3c,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x66,0x3c,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0c,0x08,0x00,0x3c,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,
  0x66,0x18,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x18,0x28,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x3c,0x42,
  0x42,0x42,0x42,0x44,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x1c,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x3c,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x44,0x38,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x24,
  0x2c,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3c,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x44,0x38,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x1f,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3e,0x46,0x4a,
  0x52,0x62,0x44,0xb8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x10,0x00,0xc4,
  0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x26,0x3a,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x04,
  0x08,0x18,0xc4,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x26,0x3a,0x00,0x00,0x00,
  0x00,0x18,0x28,0x44,0x00,0x02,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x42,0x46,0x38,
  0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x24,0x24,0xc4,0x44,0x44,0x44,0x44,
  0x44,0x26,0x3a,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0c,0x08,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x24,
  0x24,0x24,0x18,0x18,0x10,0x10,0x10,0x60,0x00,0x00,0xc0,0x40,0x40,
  0x40,0x5e,0x22,0x42,0x42,0x22,0x22,0x54,0x48,0x40,0x60,0x00,0x00,
  0x24,0x24,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x18,0x18,0x10,0x10,0x10,
  0x60,0x60
  };

只看该作者 · 2007-3-1 20:11

我先把字库定位在32k的位置0x8000
然后用下面代码取数据,读到的数据全是0.迷惑?
while(i < 500)
{
print(" i=0x%x *(unsigned char*)(0x8000 + i) = 0x% x ",i,*(unsigned char*)(0x8000 + i));
i++;

}

只看该作者 · 2007-3-1 21:10

RAM不够大，读取超出RAM大小的部分肯定就是随机数据了。

C语言标准中没有修饰变量存储空间的统一规定，各个编译器实现的方法不同。GCC AVR并不是将数组用const修饰就是将数组给定义到程序存储空间了，它只是指明这个数组是不能被修改的常量，而这个数组的存储还是在RAM中

3万 · 2007-3-1 21:44

只看该作者 · 2007-3-4 19:51

多谢　AA_55　和　mohanwei．
不过如果是因为使用ｒａｍ超出４ｋ，编译器应该报错啊．
另外，我把编译出来的ｈｅｘ文件转换成ｂｉｎ格式，
和４ｋ的英文字库进行比对，发现里面的确有完整的字库，４ｋ！
而且去掉该定义后编译的ｈｅｘ文件转换成ｂｉｎ文件后和刚才整整少了４ｋ．正好是字库的容量．

只看该作者 · 2007-3-4 20:45

把你的数据另行写入FLASH的指定开始位置，连续存储，读取的时候采用pgmspace.h文件中的读取函数，采用地址起始位置+偏移量来完成对数组的访问，看看可行不。

只看该作者 · 2007-3-4 22:19

要知道，c语言最特殊的地方，是开放了很多便利给程序员。它假定：程序员知道自己在做什么，所以编译器不太干涉程序员的行为。如果真的发生了问题，要程序员自己解决。c语言运用的一个基本原则就是：要自己控制程序行为，而不是依赖编译错误提示。

另外，楼主还是没有明白c语言的机制。

在你所定义的数组中，数据还是存在于代码中的。当你的程序初始化时候，它被复制到RAM中去。因为，你的定义就是在RAM中建立一个数组嘛(原因我说过)，它必须按照你的定义去建立一个这么大的数组，不管真正的RAM大小是多少。但是，初始化RAM数组的元素的数据必须有一个原始的存储空间，它只能够根据程序原意的定义，以立即数的方式存储在程序中。所以，你能看到源程序生成的代码中包含了这些数据，但是却不能操纵这些数据。这些数据必须复制到RAM中，才符合程序定义，才能操纵。

avr-gcc内使用大数组的问题,请高手指教!

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另外 直接访问外部地址也不对啊.

你把大数组给定义到RAM中去了

楼上说得对，加个“code”关键字，将它定义到程序存储空间

仍未解决

参考一下pgmspace.h

如果你给定的编译条件不正确，编译器是不会报错的

荣誉元老奖章

坚毅之洋流

十世金身

技术领袖奖章

另外直接访问外部地址也不对啊.