这里好冷啊，我决定每天都来踩一脚

只看该作者 · 2011-3-28 23:29

本帖最后由箫笑于 2011-3-28 23:31 编辑

Researchers make MEMS-over-CNT memory
Peter Clarke
3/28/2011 7:46 AM EDT

LONDON – A combination of a radio frequency capable metallic MEMS cantilever beam and a carbon nanotube transistor shows promise as a non-volatile memory, according to researchers from the University of Edinburgh and Konkuk University and Seoul National University, Korea.
爱丁堡大学和Konkuk，Seoul大学的研究指出，射频金属微机电金属悬梁臂与碳纳米晶体管组合在一起有望成为非易失存储器。

The research, published in Nature Communications, shows a device with power consumption performance superior to that of conventional flash memories, the authors claim.
该研究登载在自然通讯，展示了一个比传统的Flash具有更好的功耗性能的器件。

Previous attempts to use carbon nanotube transistors for memory storage hit a stumbling block because they had low operational speed and short memory retention times. A team working under Professor Eleanor Campbell of the School of Chemistry at Edinburgh University has improved on that by using a mechanical arm to charge the floating gate electrode.
先前尝试用碳纳米晶体管做**存储遇到一个问题，它们的操作速度很慢以及存储保留时间短暂。leanor Campbell教授领导下的一个团队进行了创新，使用机械手臂来改变浮栅电极。

"This is a novel approach to designing memory storage devices. Using a mechanical method combined with the benefits of nanotechnology enables a system with superior energy efficiency compared with existing devices," said Professor Campbell, in a statement.
这是一个设计存储器的神奇的方法。使用机械臂结合纳米管的性能优势，使得整个系统比现有的器件具有更号的能源效率。

The cantilever is anchored at one end and suspended above the actuating electrode and the floating gate. The beam appears to measure about 1-micron across and be more than 10 microns long. When a bias voltage is applied to the actuating electrode, the resultant electrostatic force pulls down the cantilever until it contacts the floating gate. The cantilever is composed of Cr/Al/Cr triple layer and the floating gate is made of Au above an 80-nm aluminum-oxide insulating layer
悬臂固定在一端，并且浮在启动的电极和浮栅上面。横梁大概1微米宽10几微米长。当有偏压加在电极上时，静电力合成将拉低悬臂直到接触到浮栅。悬臂由Cr/Al/Cr三层组成，浮栅是由80纳米的氧化铝绝缘层上面镀金制成。

The charge on the floating gate controls the source-drain current in the p-type CNT semiconducting channel. The on-off switching ratio was 10^4 to 10^5. Data retention is good to 4,000 seconds and cycling endurance of 500 cycles was demonstrated, but the known switching endurance of MEMS switches is of the order of 100 million cycles. This is greatly superior to flash memory.
浮栅电压控制P型碳纳米管沟道的源电流，开关频率是10^4到10^5数量级。已经证明了数据保留时间长于4000秒，cycling endurance of 500 cycles。但已知的MEMS开关的耐性大约是100百万次。这比Flash存储器要优异很多。

The memory has the capability for multiple bit storage and the operational speed of the memory device is only limited by the speed of the cantiliver switch which is also much faster than flash memory, the authors claimed.
多位存储能力和操作速率只取决于悬臂开关的速度，同样比Flash存储快很多。

The one aspect of the design that is not discussed extensively is size, density and scalability. Although the CNT transistor could in theory scale well the cantilever MEMS may not.
该设计有个方面没有展开讲的是尺寸，密度和可扩展性。尽管碳纳米晶体管理论上很好，微电悬臂梁可能会有问题。

只看该作者 · 2011-3-29 23:08

Superconductivity: New phase of matter?
R. Colin Johnson
3/28/2011 12:32 PM EDT
Superconductivity theories abound, but thus far none has led to a room-temperature superconductor. Now U.S. Department of Energy researchers believe a new theory—namely, that superconductivity is based on an undiscovered state of matter—may hold the key to a better understanding of the phenomenon.
关于超导体的理论非常多，但是到目前为止还没有哪个能够导出室温下的超导体。美国能源部相信一种新的理论，即，超导是一种未知的物态，这可能隐藏着关键的东西以更好地理解该现象。

"The involvement of an additional phase, once fully understood, might open up new possibilities for achieving superconductivity at even higher temperatures in these materials," said Ruihua He, a researcher at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory .
这另外的物相包含进来，一旦完全弄清楚，将可能开创新的可能，即使这些材料在高温下也能达到超导性能。

The new theory comes from U.S. Department of Energy researchers at Berkeley Lab, the University of California at Berkeley, and the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory at Stanford University (Palo Alto, Calif.; SLAC's original name was the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center).

Together the labs coordinated separate experiments to zero in on whether superconductivity is based on a phase of matter other than the familiar solid, liquid or gas. The Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource used the magneto-optical Kerr effect, Berkeley Lab's Advanced Light Source team used angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, and a second group at Berkeley Lab used time-resolved reflectivity with a pump pulse from a laser.

The resulting detailed characterization of the same high-temperature superconductor (bismuth strontium calcium copper oxide) led to the theory that a separate state of matter exists at temperatures just above the superconducting state. Next, the researchers plan to explore the electronic properties of this new state of matter in a bid to discover how to extend superconductivity to room temperature.

只看该作者 · 2011-3-30 23:19

Java father Gosling joins Google
Rick Merritt
3/29/2011 1:17 PM EDT
SAN JOSE, Calif. -- In a sign that Google is still the place to be for a software developer, James Gosling, the father of the Java programming language, announced on his blog Monday (March 28) that he has joined the search giant.
有迹象表明，Google仍然是一个软件开发者值得去的地方，Java之父James Gosling在博客中称他将**这个搜索巨人。

In his bio on Wikipedia, Gosling is credited as the original designer of the Java language, its compiler and virtual machine. He was elected to the U.S. National Academy of Engineering for his work.
从他在Wiki上履历上看，Gosling是Java语言最初的研发者，它的编译器及虚拟机。他受聘于美国国家工程学院。

For years, Gosling also was the public face of Java at Sun Microsystems, known for on-stage antics such as firing Java T-shirts out of a handheld canon into packed crowds at Sun's annual Java One conference in San Francisco.
好几年，Gosling依然是Sun公司Java的公共脸庞。

Gosling left Sun when it was acquired by Oracle last year. A cut both in pay and the ability to make decisions about the future of Java contributed to his decision to leave, Gosling said in press interviews last year.
Gosling在Oracle收购Sun的时候离开了Sun，工资消减和对Sun未来的决策权的降低促成了他离开。

In his year off, Gosling turned down a number of job offers. "I had a hard time saying 'no' to a bunch of other excellent possibilities," he said in his blog, according to one report.
在他休假期间，Gosling推掉了大量的工作机会。我非常艰难地对这些非常好的机会说不。

EE Times was not immediately able to access Gosling's blog, a sign that the site is either being deluged with visitors or Gosling may have decided to block access to the site.
EE Times没有能够立即进入Gosiling的博客，可能是大量的访问者堵塞了网络，或者是Gosling限制进入。

Gosling does not yet have a clear assignment at Google. "I don't know what I'll be working on. I expect it'll be a bit of everything, seasoned with a large dose of grumpy curmudgeon," he said in his blog.

Google took a path that branched away from pure Java when it rolled out its Android mobile operating system using the Dalvik virtual machine.

Like Sun with Java, Google is trying to walk a middle ground with Android, making code open source but also managing its evolution with regular releases. OEMs recently expressed frustration over Google's attempts to limit the release of its Honeycomb version of Android for tablets.

Google must keep its Android code base from fragmenting as it tries to support different kinds of devices such as tablets and smartphones. It also must maintain quality of the code while enabling a broad set of OEMs to customize it for their systems—a problem not faced by archrival Apple which keeps tight control of its iOS.
Google必须防止Android源码库分离，它准备支不同类型的器件，例如平板电脑和智能手机。它也必须维护代码的质量以便制造商能够广泛定制他们的系统。

One analyst recently said Google is churning out new Android releases faster than OEMs can recoup their return on investment in new devices using it.

Gosling could help Google expand its open source offerings into PCs and servers, territory familiar to the Java developer. He also brings experience herding the cats of a broadly used open source project.

In some of his comments about Oracle, Gosling's sympathies appear to align closely with the open source movement. After Oracle acquired Sun it decided to sue Google over infringement in Android of Java patents.

"During our integration meetings between Sun and Oracle, where we were being grilled about the patent situation between Sun and Google, we could see the Oracle lawyer’s eyes sparkle," said Gosling in his blog.

只看该作者 · 2011-3-31 23:24

Report: Google could standardize Android on ARM
Peter Clarke
3/31/2011 6:08 AM EDT

LONDON – Google Inc. may be entering talks with ARM Holdings plc (Cambridge, England) about a standardization of Android operating system for an ARM-based chipset, according to a Digitimes report that references unnamed sources at notebook computer makers.
Google与ARM商讨关于Android系统基于ARM芯片的标准。

Although Android is supposedly an open-source operating-system developed by Google and the Open Handset Alliance, there are reports that Google (Mountain View, Calif.) is insisting on a more disciplined – and some would say Microsoft-like – approach to the Android development in an attempt to resist fragmentation.
尽管Android被认为是Google和开放手机联盟开发的一个开源操作系统，但是有报告称Google**更多的规范来开发Android系统以图阻止分裂，某些东西像微软一样。

According to a BusinessWeek report Google is insisting on non-fragmentation clauses in contracts with developers. Companies that want early access to forthcoming iterations of Android now have to get approval for plans from Google. And there is concern that where developers wish to develop applications that could compete with Google functions, such as search and mapping, that approval could be withheld or delayed.
据BusinessWeek报告，Google**与开发者签订不分裂的条款合同，希望提早进入即将到来的Android迭代的公司和企业必须从Google中得到批准。

Google has said there are no plans to release version 3.0 of Android, known as Honeycomb, because the source code is not ready. But at the same time Motorola and Acer are releasing devices that use it. This is prompting concerns over favoritism and undue market influence.
Google称尚无计划发布V3.0,即是Honeycomb,因为源码没有准备好，但是同时，Motorola和Acer发布了使用它的设备。这加剧了忧虑偏袒和过分影响市场的情绪。

Companies affected by the new tighter regime include LG, Samsung, Toshiba and Facebook and there have been complaints to the U.S. Justice Department, BusinessWeek said citing an unnamed source. Similarly Google has been giving different chip makers a head start in bringing up different iterations of the Android OS the BusinessWeek article reported executives as saying.
被新的更紧的制度影响的公司，包括LG，三星，东芝和Facebook，都对美国司法部门提出不满。同样地，Google给不同的芯片制造商领先的

If Google attempts to define a standard hardware platform as well a limiting software freedoms, the move could hurt Intel which is attempting to move into mobile device space with its processors.
如果Google试图定义一个硬件平台标准和限制软件自由，此举将会伤害到Intel，其正试图进入移动设备市场。

Android already runs on ARM architecture processors in the vast majority of cases as ARM is the dominant smartphone architecture. However, as the operating system, middleware and applications stack is supposedly open-source and based on a modified Linux kernel and the Java language it is in theory applicable to any processor including the Atom processor of Intel Corp.
Android在大多数情况下已经可以在ARM体系中运行，而ARM在智能手机市场占据统治地位。