Semiconductor diodes, in conjunction with a constant current source, are sometimes used as
thermometers. It has been observed experimentally that, within a certain temperature range, the
relation between temperature and voltage is almost linear.
One of the possible uses of the bandgap reference, is monitoring supply voltage in battery powered equipment.
Measuring the bandgap voltage, using Vdd as reference, will give higher ADC result as battery get weaker.
In this case, the device might even calibrate its own reference when a fresh battery, or a fully charged accumulator is connected. Som filtering to avoid extreme values may still be needed.