【转】进制互换程序

发表于 2017-1-6 12:28

利用位操作以及掩码进行进制间的相互转换。例一：将输入的一个整型数，转换成相应的二进制数
[objc] view plain copy

#include <stdio.h>
void int2bin(int num)
{
int i;
int temp;
int mask = 1;
for(i = 31;i >= 0;i --)
{
temp = ((num >> i) & mask);
printf("%d",temp);
if(i % 4 == 0)
{
printf(" ");
}
}
printf("\n");
}
int main()
{
int num;
printf("Please input an integer:\n");
scanf("%d",&num);
int2bin(num);
return 0;
}

调试结果如下：
[objc] view plain copy

Please input an integer:
2345
0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 1001 0010 1001

上面的程序是将输入的整型数进行左移，我在下面试一下用右移的方法实现该功能
[objc] view plain copy

#include <stdio.h>
void int2bin(int num)
{
int i;
unsigned int temp;
unsigned int mask = 0x80000000;
for(i = 1;i <= 32;i ++)
{
temp = (unsigned int)((unsigned int)(num << i) & mask);
printf("%d",temp);
if(i % 4 == 0)
{
printf(" ");
}
}
printf("\n");
}
int main()
{
int num;
printf("Please input an interger:\n");
scanf("%d",&num);
int2bin(num);
return 0;
}

调试结果为：
[objc] view plain copy

Please input an integer:
2345
0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 1001 0010 1001

例二：将整型数转换成相应的八进制数

[objc] view plain copy

#include <stdio.h>
#define MAX_SIZE 1024
void int2oct(int num)
{
int i;
int temp1;
int temp = 1;
int step = -1;
char oct[MAX_SIZE];
oct[0] = '0';
while(num - temp >= 0)
{
temp = temp * 8;
step ++;
}
temp = temp / 8;
for(i = 1;i <= step + 1;i ++,temp = temp / 8)
{
temp1 = num / temp;
num = num - temp * temp1;
oct = temp1 + '0';
}
oct = '\0';
printf("The oct is:%s.\n",oct);
}
int main()
{
int num;
printf("Please input an integer:\n");
scanf("%d",&num);
int2oct(num);
return 0;
}

调试结果为：
[objc] view plain copy

Please input an integer:
36475
The oct is:0107173.

发表于 2017-1-6 12:28

例三：将整型数转换成相应的十六进制数

[objc] view plain copy

#include <stdio.h>
void int2hex(int num)
{
int i;
int temp;
int mask = 0xf;
char hex[11] = {0};
hex[0] = '0';
hex[1] = 'x';
for(i = 0;i < 8;i ++)
{
temp = num & mask;
num = num >> 4;
if(temp >= 10)
{
hex[9 - i] = temp - 10 + 'a';
}
else
{
hex[9 - i] = temp + '0';
}
}
hex[10] = '\0';
printf("The hex is:%s.\n",hex);
}
int main()
{
int num;
printf("Please input an integer:\n");
scanf("%d",&num);
int2hex(num);
return 0;
}

调试结果为：

[objc] view plain copy

Please input an integer:
2351
The hex is:0x0000092f.

例四：将二进制数转换成相应的八进制数[objc] view plain copy

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define MAX_SIZE 1024
charchar * bin2oct(charchar * bin,int len)
{
int i;
int j;
int oct_len;
int num = 0;
int count = 0;
int temp = 1;
static char oct[MAX_SIZE];
oct[0] = '0';
if(len % 3 == 0) //判断八进制数是几位
{
oct_len = len / 3;
}
else
{
oct_len = (len / 3) + 1;
}
j = oct_len;
for(i = len - 1;i >= 0;i --)
{
if(count < 3)
{
num = (bin - '0') * temp + num;
temp = temp * 2;
count ++;
if(i == 0)
{
oct[1] = num + '0';
}
}
else
{
oct[j] = num + '0';
num = 0;
temp = 1;
count = 0;
i ++; //再返回一步
j --;
}
}
oct[oct_len + 1] = '\0';
return oct;
}
int main()
{
int len;
char bin[MAX_SIZE];
printf("Please input the bindary:\n");
scanf("%s",bin);
len = strlen(bin);
charchar * oct = bin2oct(bin,len);
printf("The oct of the binary is:%s.\n",oct);
return 0;
}

调试结果为：
[objc] view plain copy

Please input the bindary:
1101011100
The oct of the binary is:01534.

其实二进制转换成八进制有两种方法，一种是将二进制先转换成十进制数再转换成八进制数，我在下面将给大家列出；另一种就是我上面所给出的程序，直接从二进制变换到八进制，即从最低位开始，每三个二进制数为一组，转换成相应的八进制数，如果二进制的个数不是三的倍数，则直接前若干个数值输出位相应的八进制数，相当于最高位补0，保证二进制的个数是三的倍数。
another：

[objc] view plain copy

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

#define MAX_SIZE 1024

charchar * bin2oct(charchar * bin)
{
int i;
int len;
int num;

int ten = 0;
int temp = 1;
int temp1 = 1;
int step = -1;

static char oct[MAX_SIZE];

len = strlen(bin);

while(*bin != '\0')
{
      ten = ten + (* (bin + len - 1) - '0') * temp;
      temp = temp * 2;
      bin ++;
      len = len - 2;
}

while(ten - temp1 >= 0)
{
      temp1 = temp1 * 8;
      step ++;
}

temp1 = temp1 / 8;

oct[0] = '0';

for(i = 1;i <= step + 1;i ++,temp1 = temp1 / 8)
{
      num = ten / temp1;
      ten = ten - num * temp1;
      oct = num + '0';
}

oct = '\0';

return oct;
}

int main()
{
char bin[MAX_SIZE];

printf("Please input the binary:\n");
scanf("%s",bin);

charchar * oct = bin2oct(bin);

printf("The oct of the binary is:%s.\n",oct);

return 0;
}

调试结果为：
[objc] view plain copy

Please input the bindary:
101011101011
The oct of the binary is:05353.

发表于 2017-1-6 12:29

例五：二进制数转换成相应的十进制数[objc] view plain copy

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

#define MAX_SIZE 1024

int bin2int(charchar * bin,int len)
{
int i;
int temp1;

int num = 0;
int temp = 1;

for(i = len - 1;i >= 0;i --)
{
      temp1 = *(bin + i) - '0';
      num = num + temp1 * temp;

      temp = temp * 2;
}

return num;
}

int main()
{
int num;
int len;

char bin[MAX_SIZE];

printf("Please input the binary:\n");
scanf("%s",bin);

len = strlen(bin);

num = bin2int(bin,len);

printf("The integer of the binary is:%d.\n",num);

return 0;
}

调试结果为：[objc] view plain copy

Please input the binary:
1101110101011
The integer of the binary is:7083.

例六：将二进制数转换成相应的十六进制数[objc] view plain copy

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

#define MAX_SIZE 1024

charchar * bin2hex(charchar * bin,int len_bin)
{
int i;
int j;
int len_hex;

int temp = 1;
int temp1 = 0;
int count = 0;

static char hex[MAX_SIZE];
hex[0] = '0';
hex[1] = 'x';

if(len_bin % 4 == 0)
{
      len_hex = len_bin / 4;
}
else
{
      len_hex = len_bin / 4 + 1;
}

j = len_hex + 1;

for(i = len_bin - 1;i >= 0;i --)
{
      if(count < 4)
      {
         temp1 = (bin - '0') * temp + temp1;
         temp = temp * 2;
         count ++;

         if(i == 0)
         {
            hex[2] = temp1 + '0';
         }
      }
      else
      {
         if(temp1 >= 10)
         {
            hex[j] = temp1 - 10 + 'a';
         }
         else
         {
            hex[j] = temp1 + '0';
         }

         count = 0;
         temp = 1;
         temp1 = 0;
         i ++;
         j --;
      }
}

hex[len_hex + 2] = '\0';

return hex;
}

int main()
{
int len_bin;
char bin[MAX_SIZE];

printf("Please input the binary:\n");
scanf("%s",bin);

len_bin = strlen(bin);

charchar * hex = bin2hex(bin,len_bin);

printf("The hex of bin is:%s.\n",hex);

return 0;
}

调试结果为：[objc] view plain copy

Please input the binary:
1110100101011
The hex of bin is:0x1d2b.

二进制转换成十六进制数跟二进制数转换成八进制数相同，也是有两种方法：一种是上面程序的方法，即将二进制数直接转换成十六进制数，另一个就是先将二进制数转换成十进制数，再将十进制数转换成十六进制数。another：
[objc] view plain copy

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

#define MAX_SIZE 1024

charchar * bin2hex(charchar * bin,int len_bin)
{
int i;
int len_hex;

int ten = 0;
int temp = 1;
int temp1 = 1;
int step = -1;

static char hex[MAX_SIZE];

while(*bin != '\0')
{
      ten = (*(bin + len_bin - 1) - '0') * temp + ten;

      temp = temp * 2;
      bin ++;
      len_bin = len_bin - 2;
}

while(ten - temp1 >= 0)
{
      temp1 = temp1 * 16;
      step ++;
}

temp1 = temp1 / 16;

len_hex = step + 1;

hex[0] = '0';
hex[1] = 'x';

for(i = 2;i <= len_hex + 1;i ++)
{
      if(ten / temp1 >= 10)
      {
         hex = (ten / temp1) - 10 + 'a';
      }
      else
      {
         hex = (ten /temp1) + '0';
      }

      ten = ten - (ten / temp1) * temp1;
      temp1 = temp1 / 16;
}

hex = '\0';

return hex;
}

int main()
{
int len_bin;
char bin[MAX_SIZE];

printf("Please input the binary:\n");
scanf("%s",bin);

len_bin = strlen(bin);
charchar * hex = bin2hex(bin,len_bin);

printf("The hex of the binary is:%s.\n",hex);

return 0;

}

调试结果为：
[objc] view plain copy

Please input the binary:
11110101010101011101101
The hex of the binary is:0x7aaaed.

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【转】进制互换程序

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