Integrated sensor nodes with GSM modems: Simplifying the task of wireless data acquisition By Ajay Bharadwaj and Balaji Mamidala， Cypress 作者：Ajay Bharadwaj 和 Balaji Mamidala，赛普拉斯半导体
A sensor network typically consists of a number of sensor nodes which each acquire signals from a sensor or multiple sensors and a system to transmit and process the data acquired from sensors. The sensor nodes can communicate the data within one another or to a centralized location over a wired or wireless network. The sensor network can thus be classified as a data acquisition network and data distribution network. The data acquisition system typically consists of sensors and circuitry to handle the real-world information available and the data distribution network involves the communication protocols， network topology， and methodology to transmit and handle the data. The basic network topologies used are star， ring， bus， and mesh， as shown in Figure 1.
一个典型的传感器网络由许多传感器节点构成，每一个节点从一个或多个传感器获得信号，系统发送和处理传感器获得的数据。传感器节点可以通过有线或无线网络交流彼此的数据或者集中到一点。传感器网络可以看作一种数据采集网络和数据分发网络。典型数据采集系统由传感器和处理实际信息的线路构成，数据分发网络涉及到通信协议，网络拓扑，传送和处理数据方法。使用的基本网络拓扑包括星型、环形、总线型和网状结构，如图1所示。
Figure1. Network Topologies
传感器网络拓扑结构的选择取决于应用、数据处理类型和需求。
Figure2 shows the typical organization of a sensor node. The sensor node consists of:
图2显示了典型的传感器节点结构。传感器节点包括:
1.
Sensors
2.
Conditioning circuitry
3.
Microcontroller and associated memory
4.
Transceiver (GSM Modem)
5.
Power supply
1．传感器
2．调节电路
3．微控制器和关联内存
4．收发器(GSM调制解调器)
5．供电电源
Figure2. Organization of aTypical Sensor Node | 
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