#申请原创# @21小跑堂
在使用CX32L003的pwm功能后，我们用的是涂鸦模组做调光的灯光类产品的开发，因为调光是根据涂鸦模组app调节不同的灯光亮度，颜色渐变达到炫丽的灯光颜色变化，所以对pwm要灵活的调节占空比达到光，色，亮度相互饱和的效果。
以上显示的是灯带的R,G,B颜色渐变的效果，这个RGB的颜色是根据HSV颜色体系进行转换得到的，HSV(hue,saturation,value)颜色空间的模型对应于圆柱坐标系中的一个圆锥形子集，圆锥的顶面对应于V=1. 它包含RGB模型中的R=1，G=1，B=1 三个面，所代表的颜色较亮。色彩H由绕V轴的旋转角给定。红色对应于 角度0° ，绿色对应于角度120°，蓝色对应于角度240°。在HSV颜色模型中，每一种颜色和它的补色相差180° 。 饱和度S取值从0到1，所以圆锥顶面的半径为１。HSV颜色模型所代表的颜色域是CIE色度图的一个子集，这个 模型中饱和度为百分之百的颜色，其纯度一般小于百分之百。在圆锥的顶点(即原点)处，V=0,H和S无定义， 代表黑色。圆锥的顶面中心处S=0，V=1,H无定义，代表白色。从该点到原点代表亮度渐暗的灰色，即具有不同 灰度的灰色。对于这些点，S=0,H的值无定义。可以说，HSV模型中的V轴对应于RGB颜色空间中的主对角线。 在圆锥顶面的圆周上的颜色，V=1，S=1,这种颜色是纯色。
也就是说这里H的范围是0~360，而S和V分别是对应0-1000。这里我们把定时器的pwm设置成1kHz,占空比从0-1000范围可调。这里我用TIM2来初始化R,G,B的pwm。- static void Timer2PwmInit(uint16_t arr,uint16_t psc)
- {
- /*
- //PC5复用TIM2_CH1
- GPIOC->AFR &= 0XFF0FFFFF;//
- GPIOC->AFR |= 0X00800000;
-
- GPIOC->PUPDR &= 0XFFFFF3FF;
- GPIOC->PUPDR |= 0X00000800;//
- */
-
- //PC5_TIM2-CH1
- /*
- GPIOC->DIRCR &= 0XFFFFFFDF;
- GPIOC->DIRCR |= 0X00000020;
- */
- /*
- //PD3复用TIM2_CH2
- GPIOD->AFR &= 0XFFFF0FFF;//
- GPIOD->AFR |= 0X00008000;
-
- GPIOC->PUPDR &= 0XFFFFFF3F;
- GPIOC->PUPDR |= 0X00000020;//
- */
- //PD3_TIM2_CH2
- /*
- GPIOD->DIRCR &= 0XFFFFFFF7;
- GPIOD->DIRCR |= 0X000000F8;
- */
-
-
- /*
- TIM1->ARR = arr;//设定计数器自动重装值
- TIM1->PSC = psc;//预分频器不分频
-
- TIM1->CCMR1 |= 7<<12; //OC2模式 TIM1_CH3,TIM1_CH4
- TIM1->CCMR1 |= 1<<11; //CH4预装载使能
- TIM1->CCER |= 1<<4; //OC2 输出使能
- TIM1->CR1 = 0x0080; //ARPE使能
- TIM1->CR1 |= 0x01; //使能定时器1
-
- ///TMR3->CC4 = BK_LEVEL3;///BK_LEVEL_MOST_LOWER;
- setPwmVol(TIM1,1000-1);//即90% 占空比
- setPwmTone(TIM1,1000-1);
- */
-
- GPIO_InitTypeDef gpioInitStruct;
- ///TIM_HandleTypeDef tim2InitStruct;
- ///TIM_OC_InitTypeDef tim2OcInitStruct = {0};
-
- __HAL_RCC_TIM2_CLK_ENABLE();
- __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
- __HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();
- __HAL_RCC_GPIOD_CLK_ENABLE();
-
- gpioInitStruct.Pin = TIM2_CH1OUT_PIN;
- gpioInitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF;
- gpioInitStruct.Pull = GPIO_PULLDOWN;
- gpioInitStruct.OpenDrain = GPIO_PUSHPULL;
- gpioInitStruct.Debounce.Enable = GPIO_DEBOUNCE_DISABLE;
- gpioInitStruct.SlewRate = GPIO_SLEW_RATE_HIGH;
- gpioInitStruct.DrvStrength = GPIO_DRV_STRENGTH_HIGH;
- gpioInitStruct.Alternate = TIM2_CH1OUT_GPIO_AFN;
- HAL_GPIO_Init(TIM2_CH1OUT_PORT, &gpioInitStruct);
-
- gpioInitStruct.Pin = TIM2_CH2OUT_PIN;
- gpioInitStruct.Alternate = TIM2_CH2OUT_GPIO_AFN;
- HAL_GPIO_Init(TIM2_CH2OUT_PORT, &gpioInitStruct);
-
- gpioInitStruct.Pin = TIM2_CH3OUT_PIN;
- gpioInitStruct.Alternate = TIM2_CH3OUT_GPIO_AFN;
- HAL_GPIO_Init(TIM2_CH3OUT_PORT, &gpioInitStruct);
-
- sTim2_Handle.Instance = TIM2;
- sTim2_Handle.Init.Period = arr;// TIM1_ARR 周期
- sTim2_Handle.Init.Prescaler = psc;// 计数器的时钟频率(CK_CNT)等于fCK_PSC/(PSC[15:0]+1) 即计数器的时钟频率=TIMx_FREQ
- sTim2_Handle.Init.ClockDivision = 0;// CKD 时钟分频因子(Clock division)
- sTim2_Handle.Init.CounterMode = TIM_COUNTERMODE_UP; // 边沿对齐模式 计数器向上计数
- sTim2_Handle.Init.RepetitionCounter = 0;// TIM1_RCR 重复计数器的值
- sTim2_Handle.Init.AutoReloadPreload = TIM_AUTORELOAD_PRELOAD_DISABLE; // 禁止自动重装载
- HAL_TIM_PWM_Init(&sTim2_Handle);
-
- sTim2_OcInitHandle.OCMode = TIM_OCMODE_PWM1; // PWM模式1 TIM1_CCMR1
- // sTim1_OcInitHandle.OCPolarity = TIM_OCPOLARITY_LOW; // 输出极性 OC1低电平有效
- // sTim1_OcInitHandle.OCNPolarity = TIM_OCNPOLARITY_LOW; // OC1N低电平有效
- // sTim1_OcInitHandle.OCFastMode = TIM_OCFAST_ENABLE; // 输出比较1清’0’使能
- // sTim1_OcInitHandle.OCIdleState = TIM_OCIDLESTATE_RESET; // MOE=0时，如果实现了OC1N，则死区后OC1=0；
- // sTim1_OcInitHandle.OCNIdleState = TIM_OCNIDLESTATE_RESET; // MOE=0时，死区后OC1N=0
- ///tim1OcInitStruct.Pulse = TIM1_CH1_PULSEWIDTH; // CCR 捕获/比较通道 // 占空比值
-
- ///tim1OcInitStruct.Pulse = TIM1_CH2_PULSEWIDTH;
-
- sTim2_OcInitHandle.Pulse = TIM2_CH1_PULSEWIDTH;
- HAL_TIM_PWM_ConfigChannel(&sTim2_Handle, &sTim2_OcInitHandle, TIM_CHANNEL_1);
-
- sTim2_OcInitHandle.Pulse = TIM1_CH2_PULSEWIDTH;
- HAL_TIM_PWM_ConfigChannel(&sTim2_Handle, &sTim2_OcInitHandle, TIM_CHANNEL_2);
- sTim2_OcInitHandle.Pulse = TIM2_CH3_PULSEWIDTH;
- HAL_TIM_PWM_ConfigChannel(&sTim2_Handle, &sTim2_OcInitHandle, TIM_CHANNEL_3);
- /*##-3- Start PWM signals generation #######################################*/
- /* Start channel 1 */
-
- HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&sTim2_Handle, TIM_CHANNEL_1);
- /* Start channel 2 */
- HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&sTim2_Handle, TIM_CHANNEL_2);
- /* Start channel 3 */
- HAL_TIM_PWM_Start(&sTim2_Handle, TIM_CHANNEL_3);
-
- /* Start channel 4 */
-
- }
- //将大写字母转化成小写字母
- int tolower(int c)
- {
- if(c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z')
- {
- return c + 'a' - 'A';
- }
- else
- {
- return c;
- }
- }
- //将十六进制字符串转换成十进制整数
- int htoi(char s[],char ucLentoStr)
- {
- int i,j;
- int n = 0;
- if (s[0] == '0' && (s[1]=='x' || s[1]=='X'))
- {
- i = 2;
- }
- else
- {
- i = 0;
- }
-
- for (i=0;((s[i] >= '0' && s[i] <= '9') || (s[i] >= 'a' && s[i] <= 'z') || (s[i] >='A' && s[i] <= 'Z')) && i<ucLentoStr;i++)
- {
- if (tolower(s[i]) > '9')
- {
- n = 16 * n + (10 + tolower(s[i]) - 'a');
- }
- else
- {
- n = 16 * n + (tolower(s[i]) - '0');
- }
- }
-
-
- return n;
- }
- static void hsvSlipAdjust(unsigned char *ucHsvString,bool bIfSave)
- {
- float fRgbMin,fRgbMax,fRgbAdjust,s,v,r,g,b;
- uint16_t usHsvEepromAddr,i,difs,h,eeprom_addr,usRgbMax,usRgbMin,usRgbAdjust;
-
- char ucNum,ucHsv[UPDATE_COLOR_STR_NUM];
- unsigned char ucEepromHsv[6] = {0};
-
- for(ucNum=0;ucNum<4;ucNum++)
- {
- CPwmCtrl.ucCh3HueStr[ucNum] = ucHsvString[ucNum];
- CPwmCtrl.ucCh3SaturationStr[ucNum] = ucHsvString[4 + ucNum];
- CPwmCtrl.ucCh3ValueStr[ucNum] = ucHsvString[8 + ucNum];
- }
-
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3SaturationTarget = htoi(CPwmCtrl.ucCh3SaturationStr,4);
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3ValueTarget = htoi(CPwmCtrl.ucCh3ValueStr,4);
-
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3HueTarget = htoi(CPwmCtrl.ucCh3HueStr,4);
-
- //HSV to RGB
- #if 1
- h = CPwmCtrl.usCh3HueTarget;
- s = CPwmCtrl.usCh3SaturationTarget / 1000.0f;
- v = CPwmCtrl.usCh3ValueTarget / 1000.0f;
-
-
- if(h >= HUE_TOP_VALUE)
- {
- h = 0.0f;
- }
- if(s == 0.0f)
- {
- r = v;
- g = v;
- b = v;
- }
- else
- {
- fRgbMax = v;
- fRgbMin = fRgbMax * (1.0f - s);
- i = h / 60;
- difs = h % 60;//factoraial part of H
-
- fRgbAdjust = (fRgbMax - fRgbMin) * difs / 60.0f;// RGB adjustment amount by hue
-
- switch(i)
- {
- case 0:
-
- r = fRgbMax;
- g = fRgbMin + fRgbAdjust;
- b = fRgbMin;
- break;
-
- case 1:
- r = fRgbMax - fRgbAdjust;
- g = fRgbMax;
- b = fRgbMin;
-
- break;
-
- case 2:
- r = fRgbMin;
- g = fRgbMax;
- b = fRgbMin + fRgbAdjust;
-
- break;
-
- case 3:
- r = fRgbMin;
- g = fRgbMax - fRgbAdjust;
- b = fRgbMax;
-
- break;
-
- case 4:
- r = fRgbMin + fRgbAdjust;
- g = fRgbMin;
- b = fRgbMax;
-
- break;
-
- case 5:
- r = fRgbMax;
- g = fRgbMin;
- b = fRgbMax - fRgbAdjust;
-
- break;
-
- default:
- /*
- r = fRgbMax;
- g = fRgbMin;
- b = fRgbMax - fRgbAdjust;
- */
- break;
-
- }
- }
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3RedTarget = (uint16_t)round(r * 255);
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3GreenTarget = (uint16_t)round(g * 255);
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3BlueTarget = (uint16_t)round(b * 255);
- #else
- fRgbMax = CPwmCtrl.usCh3ValueTarget * RGB_LIMIT / 1000.0f;
- fRgbMin = fRgbMax * ((TIMER_ARR+1) - CPwmCtrl.usCh3SaturationTarget) / 1000.0f;
-
- i = CPwmCtrl.usCh3HueTarget / 60;
- difs = CPwmCtrl.usCh3HueTarget % 60;
- fRgbAdjust = (usRgbMax - usRgbMin)*difs / 60.0f;
-
- switch(i)
- {
- case 0:
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3RedTarget = fRgbMax;
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3GreenTarget = (fRgbMin + fRgbAdjust);
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3BlueTarget = fRgbMin;
- break;
-
- case 1:
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3RedTarget = (fRgbMax - fRgbAdjust);
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3GreenTarget = fRgbMax;
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3BlueTarget = fRgbMin;
-
- break;
-
- case 2:
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3RedTarget = fRgbMin;
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3GreenTarget = fRgbMax;
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3BlueTarget = (fRgbMin + fRgbAdjust);
-
- break;
-
- case 3:
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3RedTarget = fRgbMin;
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3GreenTarget = (fRgbMax - fRgbAdjust);
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3BlueTarget = fRgbMax / 1000.0f;
-
- break;
-
- case 4:
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3RedTarget = (fRgbMin + fRgbAdjust);
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3GreenTarget = fRgbMin;
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3BlueTarget = fRgbMax;
-
- break;
- /*
- case 5:
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3RedTarget = fRgbMax;
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3GreenTarget = fRgbMin;
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3BlueTarget = (fRgbMax - fRgbAdjust);
- break;
- */
- default:
-
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3RedTarget = fRgbMax;
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3GreenTarget = fRgbMin;
- CPwmCtrl.usCh3BlueTarget = (fRgbMax - fRgbAdjust);
-
- break;
- }
- /*
- if(r > 1000)
- {
- r = 1000;
- }
-
- if(g > 1000)
- {
- g = 1000;
- }
-
- if(b > 1000)
- {
- b = 1000;
- }
- */
- #endif
- /*
- CPwmCtrl.ucCh3RedTarget = (uint16_t)round(r * 255000);///(uint16_t)(r * (TIMER_ARR + 1) / 255);///(uint16_t)round(r * 25500);
- CPwmCtrl.ucCh3GreenTarget = (uint16_t)round(g * 255000);///(uint16_t)(g * (TIMER_ARR + 1) / 255);///(uint16_t)round(g * 25500);
- CPwmCtrl.ucCh3BlueTarget = (uint16_t)round(b * 255000);///(uint16_t)(b * (TIMER_ARR + 1) / 255);///(uint16_t)round(b * 25500);
- */
- pwm_SetPulseWidth(CPwmCtrl.usCh3RedTarget,CH2_RED);
- __asm("nop");
-
- pwm_SetPulseWidth(CPwmCtrl.usCh3GreenTarget,CH2_GREEN);
- __asm("nop");
-
- pwm_SetPulseWidth(CPwmCtrl.usCh3BlueTarget,CH2_BLUE);
- __asm("nop");
-
- if(bIfSave)
- {
-
- ucEepromHsv[0] = (uint8_t)(CPwmCtrl.usCh3HueTarget >> 8);
- ucEepromHsv[1] = (uint8_t)CPwmCtrl.usCh3HueTarget;
- ucEepromHsv[2] = (uint8_t)(CPwmCtrl.usCh3SaturationTarget >> 8);
- ucEepromHsv[3] = (uint8_t)CPwmCtrl.usCh3SaturationTarget;
- ucEepromHsv[4] = (uint8_t)(CPwmCtrl.usCh3ValueTarget >> 8);
- ucEepromHsv[5] = (uint8_t)(CPwmCtrl.usCh3ValueTarget);
-
- __asm("nop");
- CAppFlash.WriteBytes(FLASH_PROGRAM_ADDRESS_START,0x06,ucEepromHsv,6);
- }
- }
根据公式，每60°一个等分，也就是把360° 6等分，然后根据颜色值在圆上的区域，结合代码理解，每一个case是由H进行选择，
fRgbMax = v; fRgbMin = fRgbMax * (1.0f - s);
i = h / 60;
difs = h % 60;//factoraial part of H
fRgbAdjust = (fRgbMax - fRgbMin) * difs / 60.0f;// RGB adjustment amount by hue 把S和V代入计算可知，max的值始终大于min的值，当S最大且V最小或者是S最小V最大，fRgbAdjust的值都为0，这样S和V就可以体现出颜色的饱和度和明度了。
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