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本文详细记录在NXP I.MX6ULL+Linux平台下进行WM8960音频芯片移植的过程，其他平台操作方法类似，希望为大家提供帮助。 1. 环境准备平台: HD6ULL-IOT开发板 要求: 外接一个WM8960模块。要求能正常播放音频文件。 2. 原理图及相关资料将模块飞线到底板J17上，接法如下;且模块1脚 接了J17的1脚(3.3V); 然后模块的3脚(GND)接的J17的29脚地。 WM8960资料: https://www.waveshare.net/wiki/WM8960_Audio_Board 3. 内核以及设备树调试内核需要勾选WM8960相关配置，可以make menuconfig后/搜索8960然后勾上就行。 设备树注意三点: ①. 客户飞线WM8960是挂载到i2c1上的。 - sound {
- compatible = "fsl,imx6ul-evk-wm8960",
- "fsl,imx-audio-wm8960";
- model = "wm8960-audio";
- cpu-dai = <&sai2>;
- audio-codec = <&codec>;
- asrc-controller = <&asrc>;
- codec-master;
- gpr = <&gpr>;
- /*not support
- * hp-det = <hp-det-pin hp-det-polarity>;
- * hp-det-pin: JD1 JD2 or JD3
- * hp-det-polarity = 0: hp detect high for headphone
- * hp-det-polarity = 1: hp detect high for speaker
- hp-det = <3 0>;
- hp-det-gpios = <&gpio5 4 0>;
- mic-det-gpios = <&gpio5 4 0>;
- */
- audio-routing =
- "Headphone Jack", "HP_L",
- "Headphone Jack", "HP_R",
- "Ext Spk", "SPK_LP",
- "Ext Spk", "SPK_LN",
- "Ext Spk", "SPK_RP",
- "Ext Spk", "SPK_RN",
- "LINPUT2", "Mic Jack",
- "LINPUT3", "Mic Jack",
- "RINPUT1", "Main MIC",
- "RINPUT2", "Main MIC",
- "Mic Jack", "MICB",
- "Main MIC", "MICB",
- "CPU-Playback", "ASRC-Playback",
- "Playback", "CPU-Playback",
- "ASRC-Capture", "CPU-Capture",
- "CPU-Capture", "Capture";
- };
- };
- &sai2 {
- pinctrl-names = "default";
- pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_sai2>;
- assigned-clocks = <&clks IMX6UL_CLK_SAI2_SEL>,
- <&clks IMX6UL_CLK_SAI2>;
- assigned-clock-parents = <&clks IMX6UL_CLK_PLL4_AUDIO_DIV>;
- assigned-clock-rates = <0>, <12288000>;
- status = "okay";
- };
- pinctrl_sai2: sai2grp {
- fsl,pins = <
- MX6UL_PAD_JTAG_TDI__SAI2_TX_BCLK0x17088
- MX6UL_PAD_JTAG_TDO__SAI2_TX_SYNC0x17088
- MX6UL_PAD_JTAG_TRST_B__SAI2_TX_DATA0x11088
- MX6UL_PAD_JTAG_TCK__SAI2_RX_DATA0x11088
- MX6UL_PAD_JTAG_TMS__SAI2_MCLK0x17088
- MX6UL_PAD_SNVS_TAMPER4__GPIO5_IO040x17059
- >;
- };
- &i2c1 {
- clock-frequency = <100000>;
- pinctrl-names = "default";
- pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_i2c1>;
- status = "okay";
- codec: wm8960@1a {
- compatible = "wlf,wm8960";
- reg = <0x1a>;
- clocks = <&clks IMX6UL_CLK_SAI2>;
- clock-names = "mclk";
- wlf,shared-lrclk;
- };
- };
- pinctrl_i2c1: i2c1grp {
- fsl,pins = <
- MX6UL_PAD_CSI_PIXCLK__I2C1_SCL 0x4001b8b0
- MX6UL_PAD_CSI_MCLK__I2C1_SDA 0x4001b8b0
- >;
- };
②. 时钟线(SCL)和数据线(SDA)是飞线到J17的3，4脚(UART6_TXD,UART6_RXD),对应的CSI_MCLK与CSI_PIXCLK,我们需要将其复用成I2C1_SCL,I2C1_SDA功能。(需要查询对应的引脚功能列表和datasheet) - pinctrl_i2c1: i2c1grp {
- fsl,pins = <
- MX6UL_PAD_CSI_PIXCLK__I2C1_SCL 0x4001b8b0
- MX6UL_PAD_CSI_MCLK__I2C1_SDA 0x4001b8b0
- >;
- };
③. 由于底板上有一个耳机接口是从核心板直接引出的，我们需要禁掉他。 - sound-mqs {
- compatible = "fsl,imx-audio-mqs";
- model = "mqs-audio";
- cpu-dai = <&sai1>;
- asrc-controller = <&asrc>;
- audio-codec = <&mqs>;
- status = "disabled";
- };
- &sai1 {
- assigned-clocks = <&clks IMX6UL_CLK_SAI1_SEL>,
- <&clks IMX6UL_CLK_SAI1>;
- assigned-clock-parents = <&clks IMX6UL_CLK_PLL4_AUDIO_DIV>;
- assigned-clock-rates = <0>, <24576000>;
- status = "disabled";
- };
- &mqs {
- pinctrl-names = "default";
- pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_mqs>;
- clocks = <&clks IMX6UL_CLK_SAI1>;
- clock-names = "mclk";
- status = "disabled";
- };
重新编译后替换设备树，然后cd /home/audio ./aplay 1.wav。插上耳机或者扬声器即有声音。 在调试过程中，可通过i2cdetect -y -a 0 （此处wm8960挂载在i2c1）检查音频设备是否挂载到i2c1上，或者dmesg | grep wm8960 检查驱动是否加载成功。 4. 录音测试首先需要有arecord这个工具； 源码下载网址:https://www.alsa-project.org/wiki/Download#alsa-lib 编译参考网址: https://blog.csdn.net/gjy938815/article/details/11809269 编译好后:alsa-utils-1.2.9\aplay 这个目录下会生成aplay(145M),然后改名为arecord即可。 录音播放测试: - 将arecord拷贝到U盘内，依次执行以下指令:
- cp /mnt/sda1/arecord /home/demo/
- chmod a+x /home/demo/arecord
- cd /home/audio/
- ./amixer cset numid=1 60 录音功能需设置录音控件的参数
- ./amixer cset numid=36 240 录音功能需设置录音控件的参数
- ./amixer cset numid=41 1 将麦克风输出信号同时记录在左右声道
- cd /home/demo
- 执行下面这个指令时需要对着WM8960说话，会录音到/tmp/t.wav文件中。 录音时间为10s
- ./arecord -f cd -d 10 /tmp/t.wav
- 播放录音文件 (最好用耳机听声音)
- cd /home/audio/
- ./aplay /tmp/t.wav
- 控制耳机音量大小:
- numid=11,iface=MIXER,name='Headphone Playback Volume'
- ./amixer cset numid=11 80 （范围0~127， 80合适）
- 控制喇叭音量大小:
- numid=13,iface=MIXER,name='Speaker Playback Volume' 这个配置
- ./amixer cset numid=13 100 （范围0~127，但一般100声音就合适了）
- 录音时配置:
- numid=36,iface=MIXER,name='ADC PCM Capture Volume'
- ./amixer cset numid=36 190 （录音范围0~255，一般190左右合适，值过大杂声会有点大）
- numid=1,iface=MIXER,name='Capture Volume' (设置捕获的音量)
- ./amixer cset numid=1 30 (范围0~63 ，可以选择30)
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