PCF8563不稳定

只看该作者 · 2015-8-5 13:18

本帖最后由 shuibaihe0506 于 2015-8-5 14:05 编辑

1.现象：时钟芯片有时通信正常，有时无应答（示波器查应答管脚一直为高电平，检测不到低电平），原来测试正常的片子隔一段时间后不正常了，再重新操作有可能又恢复正常

3.一般情况下如芯片出现异常采取以下措施：
1)重新焊接芯片一般可以恢复正常，个别情况下需要把芯片焊下来重新焊接,当时可以正常使用，过一段时间后又不正常了

2）补焊晶振和匹配电容，

3）更换备用电池，

4）匹配电容原来用的是15PF，后来更换为9pf，仍然有上述现象

以上措施仅能使芯片当时恢复正常，隔一段时间后又有故障出现

驱动程序我看过了，没有问题，如果有问题的话补焊应该也不会起作用，到底是哪里出现问题了呢？求高手指点

程序
：/*****************************************************************/
/*文件名：PCF8563IIC.c
*整体描述：单片机硬件IIC软件,字节方式，主方式
*       IIC接口：
*作者：
*状态:  通过
*****************************************************************/
#include "pcf8563.h"
#include "stm32f10x_lib.h"

/*-----------------/////////////////设置时间//////////////////-----------------------------*/

uint8 RTCSet(void)
{

  if(!RTCWriteByte(0x08,Hex2Dcb(SysTime.Year[0])))  return 2;
  if(!RTCWriteByte(0x07,Hex2Dcb(SysTime.Month)))  return 2;
  if(!RTCWriteByte(0x05,Hex2Dcb(SysTime.Date))) return 2;
  if(!RTCWriteByte(0x02,Hex2Dcb(SysTime.Second)))  return 2;
  if(!RTCWriteByte(0x03,Hex2Dcb(SysTime.Minute)))  return 2;
  if(!RTCWriteByte(0x04,Hex2Dcb(SysTime.Hour))) return 2;

  if(!RTCWriteByte(0x00,0)) return 2;
  if(!RTCWriteByte(0x01,0x12)) return 2;//SET THE CONTROL AND STATUS REGISTER2

  return 1;
}
/*------------------------------------------------------------
FUNC       :
PARA       :
RETRUN    :
PARA DESCRI :
status    : OK
data       : 2005.09.07
COPYRIGHT : BITTYPHOON .BJKCSS
-------------------------------------------------------------*/

void RTCinitI2c(void)
{
  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
  RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB , ENABLE);
  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin =  RTC_SDA_PIN | RTC_SCL_PIN ;
  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
  GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
  GPIO_Init(GPIO_RTC_DET, &GPIO_InitStructure);

}
void RTC_SDA_IN(void)
{
  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct;
  RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);
  GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Pin = RTC_SDA_PIN;
  GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;  /*这里一定要设成输入上拉，否则不能读出数据*/
  GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
  GPIO_Init( GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct );
}
void RTC_SDA_OUT(void)
{
  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct;
  RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB , ENABLE);
  GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Pin = RTC_SDA_PIN;
  GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
  GPIO_InitStruct.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
  GPIO_Init( GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct );
}

/*-------------------------------------------------------------
FUNC       : write a Byte to the register or register of pcf8653
PARA       : unsigned char RTCRegAddr,unsigned char data
RETRUN    : NO
PARA DESCRI : RTCRegAddr, the addr of pcf8653 register ;
            data: data to be writed
status    : OK
data       :
COPYRIGHT :
-------------------------------------------------------------*/
uint8  RTCWriteByte(unsigned char RTCRegAddr,unsigned char  data)
{

  RTCI2cStart();
  if(!RTCI2cSendOneByte(0xA2)) return 0;
  if(!RTCI2cSendOneByte(RTCRegAddr)) return 0;
  if(!RTCI2cSendOneByte(data))return 0;
  RTCI2cStop();
  return 1;
}

/*------------------------------------------------------------
FUNC       : read a data from the register of pcf8653
PARA       : unsigned char RTCRegAddr
RETRUN    : unsigned char data
PARA DESCRI : data; data read from the pcf8653 register
status    :
data       :
COPYRIGHT :
-------------------------------------------------------------*/
uint8 RTCReadByte(uint8 RTCRegAddr)
{
  uint8 d_read=0;
  RTCI2cStart();
  RTCI2cSendOneByte(0xa2);
  RTCI2cSendOneByte(RTCRegAddr);
  RTCI2cStart();
  RTCI2cSendOneByte(0xA3);
  d_read=RTCI2cReceiveOneByte();
  RTCI2cAckSend(1);
  Delay(DELAY_TIME);
  RTCI2cStop();
  return(d_read);
}

/*------------------------------------------------------------
FUNC       : produce the start signal for the i2c bus
PARA       :
RETRUN    :
PARA DESCRI :
status    : OK
data       :
COPYRIGHT :
-------------------------------------------------------------*/
void RTCI2cStart(void)
{
  RTCinitI2c();
  RTC_SDA_1;

  RTC_SCL_1;
  Delay(DELAY_TIME);
  RTC_SDA_0;
  Delay(DELAY_TIME);
  RTC_SCL_0;
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------
FUNC       : i2c bus stop signal produce module
PARA       : NO
PARA DESCRI : NO
status    : OK
data       :
COPYRIGHT :
--------------------------------------------------------------*/
void RTCI2cStop(void)
{
  RTC_SDA_OUT();
  RTC_SDA_0;
  RTC_SCL_1;
  Delay(DELAY_TIME);
  RTC_SDA_1;
  Delay(DELAY_TIME);
}
/*------------------------------------------------------------
FUNC       : send one byte to the i2c bus
PARA       : unsigned char data
RETRUN    : NO
PARA DESCRI : data; data sent to the i2c bus
status    : OK
data       :
COPYRIGHT :
-----------------------------------------------------------*/
uint8  RTCI2cSendOneByte(unsigned char data)
{
  char i=0;
  RTC_SDA_OUT();
  for(i=8;i>0;i--)
  {
if(((data>>(i-1))&0x1)==0x1)
   GPIO_SetBits  ( GPIO_RTC_DET, RTC_SDA_PIN );
else
   GPIO_ResetBits( GPIO_RTC_DET, RTC_SDA_PIN );
Delay(DELAY_TIME);
RTC_SCL_1;
Delay(DELAY_TIME);
RTC_SCL_0;
Delay(DELAY_TIME);
  }

  return RTCI2cAckCheck();
}
/*------------------------------------------------------------
FUNC       : read a data from the i2c bus
PARA       : no
RETRUN    : unsigned char data
PARA DESCRI : data; data read from the i2c bus
status    : OK!
data       :
COPYRIGHT :
-----------------------------------------------------------*/
uint8 RTCI2cReceiveOneByte(void)
{
  uint8 i=0;
  uint8 data_1=0;
  RTC_SDA_IN();
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
  {
RTC_SCL_1;
Delay(DELAY_TIME);
data_1 |= ((GET_SDA_IN())<<(7-i));
Delay(DELAY_TIME);
RTC_SCL_0;
Delay(DELAY_TIME);
  }

  return(data_1);
}

uint8 GET_SDA_IN(void)
{
  if(GPIO_ReadInputDataBit( GPIOB, RTC_SDA_PIN ))
return 1;
  else
return 0;
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------
FUNC       : check the ack signal of slave i2c device
PARA       : no
RETRUN    : no
PARA DESCRI :
status    : OK!
data       : 2005.07.12
COPYRIGHT : BITTYPHOON .BJKCSS
---------------------------------------------------------------*/
uint8 RTCI2cAckCheck(void)
{
  uint16 nError=0x7FFF;
  RTC_SDA_IN();
  RTC_SCL_1;
  Delay(DELAY_TIME);//
  while(GET_SDA_IN() ==1)//
  {
nError--;
if(nError==0)  {break;  }
  }
  if(GET_SDA_IN() == 1)
nError = 0;
  else
nError = 0x7fff;
  RTC_SCL_0;
  Delay(DELAY_TIME);
  if(nError==0)
return NO;
  else
return YES;
}
/*--------------------------------------------------------------
FUNC       : check the ack signal of slave i2c device
PARA       : no
RETRUN    : no
PARA DESCRI :
status    : OK!
data       :
COPYRIGHT :
---------------------------------------------------------------*/
void RTCI2cAckSend(uint8 AckData)
{

  RTC_SDA_OUT();
  if(AckData==1)
GPIO_SetBits  ( GPIO_RTC_DET, RTC_SDA_PIN );
  else
if(AckData==0)
   GPIO_ResetBits  ( GPIO_RTC_DET, RTC_SDA_PIN );

  Delay(DELAY_TIME);
  RTC_SCL_1;
  Delay(DELAY_TIME);
  RTC_SCL_0;
}

uint8 Dec2Hex(uint8 dec)
{
  uint8 temp0;
  temp0 = (dec >> 4) *10;
  dec &= 0x0f;
  dec += temp0;
  return dec;
}

uint8 Hex2Dcb(uint8 hex)
{
  uint8 dcb;
  dcb =((hex/10)<<4)+(hex%10);
  return dcb;
}

void Delay(uint16 DelayTime)
{
  uint16 i;
  for (i = 0; i < DelayTime; i++)
  {
  }
}